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Situational Analysis: Mapping Relationalities in Qualitative Research

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초록

This article introduces situational analysis (SA), a qualitative research method developed to extend grounded theory around the “interpretive turn”. SA extends grounded theory by rooting it more firmly in an interpretive epistemology that recognizes phenomena and meaning making as deeply relational, ecological, and situated. SA offers a series of new analytic techniques-situational, relational, social worlds/arenas, and positional maps-that not only help analysts to see their data in fresh ways, but also aid in research design and collaboration. A distinguishing feature of SA is its emphasis on using a wide array of empirical materials to generate these maps: interviews, ethnographic notes, documents, and visual materials from both contemporary and historical situations of inquiry. The mapping techniques in SA allow for granular analyses of power dynamics, politics of in/visibility, and positions in discourses. In this article, we describe SA’s major methodological and theoretical roots, followed by an overview of the four major mapping strategies and the analytic insights each map offers. We conclude with reflections on the distinctive contributions of SA to the qualitative methods landscape.

Abstract

This article introduces situational analysis (SA), a qualitative research method developed to extend grounded theory around the “interpretive turn”. SA extends grounded theory by rooting it more firmly in an interpretive epistemology that recognizes phenomena and meaning making as deeply relational, ecological, and situated. SA offers a series of new analytic techniques-situational, relational, social worlds/arenas, and positional maps-that not only help analysts to see their data in fresh ways, but also aid in research design and collaboration. A distinguishing feature of SA is its emphasis on using a wide array of empirical materials to generate these maps: interviews, ethnographic notes, documents, and visual materials from both contemporary and historical situations of inquiry. The mapping techniques in SA allow for granular analyses of power dynamics, politics of in/visibility, and positions in discourses. In this article, we describe SA’s major methodological and theoretical roots, followed by an overview of the four major mapping strategies and the analytic insights each map offers. We conclude with reflections on the distinctive contributions of SA to the qualitative methods landscape.

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