이익李瀷의 율곡학파에 대한 대응과 극복 -호락논변을 중심으로

Abstract

This article studied on the relationship between Yi Ik(李瀷)'s philosophy and Ho-Rak Debate(湖洛論辨). Yi Ik and Yulgok-School(栗谷學派) are Confucian intellectuals who recognized and agonized over the changing realities of Joseon in the 17th and 18th centuries. They recognized the Confucian values and the reconstruction of the Confucian order that had collapsed in the war as the task given themselves. However, their goal of accomplishment and the way of execution differed due to differences in their academic and political positions. In the case of Yulgok School, we devised a community model that ideologically justifies Confucianism. However, these communities exist in the solid status of Joseon, which guarantees the exclusive privileges and status of the Yangban(兩班). Therefore, Ho-Rak Debate is also an exploration of the human mind and nature designed to solidify this existing concept of governance. In contrast, Yi Ik envisioned a new Confucian community model. In his model, commoners(民) can also can become a voluntary participant in the community and a practitioner of ethical behavior. For this reason, he established the theory of “Kong-Seven Emotions(公七情)” to create a new human image. Through this theory, he tried to implement “sharing of emotions” that can be extended from human nature as the life of concrete reality. He said that the sharing of emotions arising from the "恕(如心/同心)" is called “Kong-Seven Emotions” This is consequently identical to Four Beginning(四端), the original empathy. Sometimes Four Beginning is deepened and becomes the Kong-Seven Emotions. This emotion is Confucius' Love(仁), which implies equality for all life. Therefore, this theory of emotions is the theoretical basis that commoners can participate as community members and have moral behavior.