1795년 정조의 화성 城操와<서장대 야조도> 비교 분석

Abstract

This paper aimed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the Seojangdae Yajodo included in the Eight-Panel Folding Screen of the Royal Procession to the Ancestral Tomb in Suwon (Hwasung Haenghaengdo). During King Jeongjo’s visit to Hwaseong in 1795, the fortress was in an incomplete state. However, he went to Seojangdae to check the soldiers’ training to emphasize the importance of defending the fortress and strengthening its status. The military exercise lasted 12 hours. The drill involved 3,900 soldiers, including members from the Outside of Jangyong Camp and other military personnel. Furthermore, 2,800 persons, including major officialsㆍpresidential aidesㆍthe captain of the guardㆍsoldiers of other military agencies, observed the military exercise. During the day, the fortress was divided into four sections, east, west, north, and south, and military forces were deployed to combat virtual enemies who approached the fortress with weapons such as bullanggi, gun and stone. Torch training and bombing exercise were conducted at night. Most of the details of the military training at Hwaseong Fortress were omitted, because Seojangdae Yajodo focused on realizing the splendor of Hwaseong, brave figure of Jang Yongyeong’s soldiers and the political intentions of King Jeongjo to maximize the image of reign of peace. The analysis of Seojangdae Yajodo focused on how the basic concept of ‘military command through military banners and sound signals’ was visualized. First of all, the royal court hung a large yellow Parade Flag and Captain’s Flag to highlight the fact of King Jeongjo’s direct participation. Although the 38 large banners were reduced to about 20 sides in front of Seojangdae, two on the left side of the fortress road and on the front of Haenggung Palace, it was confirmed that the banners were arranged differently depending on the relative importance of the training. A total 38 sides of large banners could be placed in front of Jeongjo and Outside of Jangyong Camp, Further, 20 sides were placed on Jangyong Camp’s Captain and 11 sides were placed on the Training Camp’s Captain. Meanwhile, for the sound signal, bugle, traditional conical oboe, gong, drum, large gong, trumpet shell, cymbals, and small gong were used. Moreover, four small pieces of sheet music played on Janggu, Pipe, Daegeum, and Haegeum were organized. Incidentally, unusually, instrument players are not visualized at all in Seojangdae Yajodo.