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다차원 성격검사 도구의 개발과 타당화 예비연구: 일반 성격과 부적응 성격의 통합적 평가

Development and Validation of Multi-Dimensional Personality Inventory in Preliminary Study: Integrating Bright and Dark Sides of Personality

김명기|최기홍|이상준|한여울|김효원|이희재|박재영|박두진|최정욱|서동기
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2019.08|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제38권 제3호|pp. 318-334

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참고문헌

키워드

validation일반 성격특성부적응 위험특성성격검사타당화Big 10 다차원 성격검사general personality traitmaladaptive personality traitpersonality inventoryBig 10 Inventory
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 한국인의 성격을 일반 성격특성과 부적응 위험특성으로 구분하고, 이를 다차원적으로 측정하는 한국형 다차원 성격검사(Big 10 Inventory, BTI)를 개발 및 타당화하였다. 이를 위하여 예비조사에서 문헌 연구와 전문가의 논의를 통하여 일반 성격과 부적응 성격을 구성하는 구성개념을 도출하고, 예비 문항을 개발하였다. 이후 전국 성인 1,200명을 대상으로 예비 조사를 통해 예비 문항의 문항 분석과 요인분석을 실시하여, 1차 문항을 선정하였다. 본 연구에서는 예비 조사 결과를 바탕으로 추가 문항 개발 및 기존 문항을 수정하였고, 성인 600명을 대상으로 최종 문항을 타당화하기 위한 본 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 일반 성격특성 5요인(16개의 하위 요인으로 구성)을 평가하는 80개 문항과 부적응 위험특성 5요인(17개의 하위 요인으로 구성)을 평가하는 85개 문항을 최종 선별하여, 최종 165문항으로 구성된 BTI를 개발하였다. 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, 적절한 내적 일관성과 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보였다. 확인적 요인 분석 결과, 일반 성격특성5요인과 부적응 위험특성 5요인구조의양호한 모형 적합도를 확인하였다. 추가로, 간편형한국어 Big Five Inventory 및 PID-5 검사와의 상관관계를 통해 수렴 타당도와 변별 타당도를 확인하였다. 결과적으로 BTI가 일반 특성과 부적응 특성을 정확하게 평가하는 신뢰롭고 타당한 검사임을 검정하였다. 마지막으로, 본연구의 제한점과 추후 연구내용을 제안하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a multidimensional personality inventory (Big 10 Inventory, BTI) to assess general and maladaptive personality dimensions. For the pilot study, an extensive literature review and experts’ workshop led to initial personality constructs and 234 preliminary items. A survey was conducted to 1,200 adults to examine item characteristics and factor structures. In the main study, 180 items were administered to 600 adults along with other personality measures. The results indicated that 165 items (80 and 85 items for measuring 5 dimensions of general personality and maladaptive personality, respectively) were best performed and thus chosen as the final items. The BTI showed adequate internal and test-retest reliability. Model fit indices from confirmatory factor analysis were satisfactory. Convergent and divergent validity were supported with significant correlation patterns of the BTI factors with the corresponding factors of the Korean Big Five Inventory-15 and Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Finally, the implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research of the BTI were discussed.

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