The Effectiveness of an Art Therapy Approach for Diagnosis of Post-traumatic stress Disorder after Childhood Sexual Abuse: A case study
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Purpose: This study described the process of diagnosing an 8-year-old girl suffering nightmares with acute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) through a period of assessment using an art therapy approach. Methods: A qualitative research method was adopted for the case study. Analysis was performed on the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist, the House-Tree-Person Drawing test, and artwork created by the child during four assessment sessions, and a diagnosis was formed based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. The pictures drawn during each session were described and analyzed. Results: The results of the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist and a House-Tree-Person Drawing intake test indicated emotional instability but only showed the severity of symptoms, not their cause or any vital clues. Four assessment sessions of art therapy revealed that the child had a history of sexual abuse and was reexperiencing the trauma. A unique assessment modality, the art therapy approach allowed quicker diagnosis of PTSD and more effective systematic intervention. Conclusion: In cases when many symptoms of the abuse are camouflaged, an art therapy approach may be able to bridge the gap symptoms and cause when conducted during structural interviews intended to determine the presence of PTSD. An art therapy approach can be effectively used as a tool to assess and diagnose childhood PTSD.
Abstract
Purpose: This study described the process of diagnosing an 8-year-old girl suffering nightmares with acute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) through a period of assessment using an art therapy approach. Methods: A qualitative research method was adopted for the case study. Analysis was performed on the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist, the House-Tree-Person Drawing test, and artwork created by the child during four assessment sessions, and a diagnosis was formed based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. The pictures drawn during each session were described and analyzed. Results: The results of the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist and a House-Tree-Person Drawing intake test indicated emotional instability but only showed the severity of symptoms, not their cause or any vital clues. Four assessment sessions of art therapy revealed that the child had a history of sexual abuse and was reexperiencing the trauma. A unique assessment modality, the art therapy approach allowed quicker diagnosis of PTSD and more effective systematic intervention. Conclusion: In cases when many symptoms of the abuse are camouflaged, an art therapy approach may be able to bridge the gap symptoms and cause when conducted during structural interviews intended to determine the presence of PTSD. An art therapy approach can be effectively used as a tool to assess and diagnose childhood PTSD.
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