임상간호사의 임상윤리지원서비스에 대한 통합적 문헌고찰
An Integrative Review of Clinical Ethics Support Services for Clinical Nurses
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본 연구는 임상간호사의 윤리적 문제를 돕기 위한 임상윤리지원서비스의 기초자료를 제시하고자 임상간호사를 위한 임상윤리지원서비스에 대해 통합적 문헌고찰을 할 목적으로 시도되었다. 본 연구에서는 Whittermore & Knafl의 통합적 문헌고찰 방법론을 적용하여 진행하였다. 임상간호사의 임상윤리지원서비스와 관련된 연구의 특성, 연구 대상자 및 중재유형, 주요개념을 문제로 규명하였다. 문헌검색에서 2002년부터 2012년까지 국내외 데이터베이스에서 임상간호사, 윤리교육, 윤리상담, 윤리정책의 단어조합으로 검색된 50편의 논문을 최종 분석하였다. 연구결과 임상간호사를 위한 임상윤리지원서비스와 관련된 연구는 대부분 경험적 연구(empirical research)였으며, 연구대상자는 60% 이상이 일반 간호사로 나타났다. 또한 최종 선정된 50개의 논문의 대부분은 서술적 조사연구이며, 중재연구는 2편으로 보고되었다. 임상윤리지원서비스와 관련된 주요 윤리적 개념으로는 윤리적 딜레마, 윤리적 이슈, 윤리적 의사결정이 주를 이루었다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면, 예방윤리 관점에서 임상간호사를 위한 다양하고 체계적인 임상윤리지원서비스 중재 프로그램 개발이 필요하겠다. 또한 임상간호사를 위한 임상윤리지원과 관련된 다양한 연구가 지속되어야 하겠다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to review existing literature regarding clinical ethics support services for clinical nurses. An integrative review method with five steps was applied. In the step of problem identification, three issues were identified, including the characteristics of previously published research, research subjects and interventions, and major concepts regarding clinical ethics support services for clinicalnurses. Relevant reports were searched from databases including PubMed, Cochrane library, and JoannaBriggs Institute with key words regarding clinical ethics. Finally, 50 articles published between 2002 and 2012 were selected. It was found that most of the existing research was empirical with descriptive study designs. Over 60% of this research focused on nurses as research subjects. Only two interventional studies were retrieved. Major concepts related to clinical ethics support services were ethical dilemmas, ethical issues, and ethical decision-making. On the basis of these results, this study recommends that more interventional research is needed in support of ethics training for clinical nurses.
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