태국인 학습자를 위한 효과적인 한국어 문법교육의 방향

Abstract

This research aims at examining direction of Korean grammar teaching for Thai students. Korean teaching in Thailand has been developing so far since 1986 Thai National Songkhla University established Korean language course as an optional for the first time. There are 18 academic institutes for Korean language program and 7 universities for Korean teaching courses in major and the number of all students to study Korean are nearly 1,500 by now, which can not be neglected amount/size for Korean teaching . In addition, considering Korean Wave at the moment, Korean teaching in Thailand is expected to develop more and more in the future. It is important to focus on high qualifying and effective education but not quantitative expansion or increasing from now on. Particularly grammar teaching is very essential part of second language teaching. Korean grammar for Thai students also has many teaching materials and methods by now. The problem, however, is that most of them are for the students who speak the majority of languages such as English or Japanese native students and this means Thai students study by standardizing teaching method without considering their language characteristics and this would make the students have double difficulties. Thus, this research looks at exact method of Korean grammar teaching for the Thai students in comparing to Korean and Thai grammar so as to derive similarity and difference and ultimately to give an effective Korean teaching for Thai students. As below: Phonology : Comparing system of consonants and vowels in Korean and Thai, to make differences clearer and teaching should be followed this results. Besides, syllable system and phonology rules also have many differences between Korean and Thai. Therefore, to compare these two languages is required in effective teaching. Morphology : Korean is an agglutinative language, so has many grammatical functional morphemes which are crucial. On the other hand, Thai is an isolated language. With this reason, to study morphemes in Korean language for Thai students is not easy. Thus, it is especially needed to teach this part. Syntax : Korean is a so called SOV language, but Thai is an SVO language such as English. This seems not to be difficult at first glance for the Thai students, but the truth is the opposite. To understand this difference between two languages, there must be needed big efforts. Moreover, there are many grammatical differences between two languages for the effective Korean teaching. Semantics : The most important part of semantic teaching would be idioms, which have problems to explain meaning with grammatical way. Besides, politeness is cardinal in Korean language, which dealt in Socio-linguistics not in semantics. Politeness between Korean and Thai has large differences. Especially politeness using particle or inflection of ending verb which is not familiar to Thai, is commonly-used in Korean, so it needs highly attention on Korean teaching. This research analyzes similarity and difference between Korean and Thai dividing 4 parts: phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics as the above and examine how and which part to focus on for the effective Korean grammar teaching. Therefore, it expects to produce the fundamental method of the effective Korean grammar teaching for Thai students who have difficulties in studying Korean.