태국과 한국의 불교정책 비교: 근대화 과정 전후를 중심으로
The Comparative Study on the Policy of Buddhism between Korea and Thailand during the Modernization
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In Thailand, Buddhism and kingship had been closely connected since Sukhothai dynasty(AD 1238-1438). Thai Buddhism gave political legitimacy to the kingship and the kingship supported the prosperity of Buddhism. The two are complementary. In the period of the modernization beginning in the middle of 19th, Thai kings strengthened the kingship and succeeded in the modernization through the reformation of Buddhism. In Korea, Buddhism also had strengthened the kingship and stabilized the political system by the kings from the period of the Three States to Koryo dynasty. The kingship supported Buddhism and sangha. The relationship between the kingship and Buddhism is very similar to Thailand, which is complementary. However, since Chosun dynasty based on Confucianism, the Confucian ruling elites had suppressed Buddhism. Right after imperialist Japanese coerced the Joseon Dynasty to open her ports to trade and Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910, Japan tried to reform Chosun Buddhism for the colonization. The purpose of this article is to compare the policy of Buddhism between Korea and Thailand focusing on strengthening the kingship and state power during the period of the modernization.
Abstract
In Thailand, Buddhism and kingship had been closely connected since Sukhothai dynasty(AD 1238-1438). Thai Buddhism gave political legitimacy to the kingship and the kingship supported the prosperity of Buddhism. The two are complementary. In the period of the modernization beginning in the middle of 19th, Thai kings strengthened the kingship and succeeded in the modernization through the reformation of Buddhism. In Korea, Buddhism also had strengthened the kingship and stabilized the political system by the kings from the period of the Three States to Koryo dynasty. The kingship supported Buddhism and sangha. The relationship between the kingship and Buddhism is very similar to Thailand, which is complementary. However, since Chosun dynasty based on Confucianism, the Confucian ruling elites had suppressed Buddhism. Right after imperialist Japanese coerced the Joseon Dynasty to open her ports to trade and Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910, Japan tried to reform Chosun Buddhism for the colonization. The purpose of this article is to compare the policy of Buddhism between Korea and Thailand focusing on strengthening the kingship and state power during the period of the modernization.
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