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사회적 인정이 국가폭력 생존자의 완전정신건강에 미치는 영향

Impact of Social Acknowledgment on Complete Mental Health of State Violence Survivors

최현정|김재웅|김석웅|한홍구
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2021.08|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제40권 제3호|pp. 208-220|DOI http://doi.org/10.15842/KJCP.PUB.40.3.208

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키워드

국가폭력사회적 인정복합외상후스트레스장애완전정신건강 모형state violencesocial acknowledgmentcomplex posttraumatic stress disordercomplete mental health model
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 한국에서 국가폭력을 경험한 사람의 정신건강에 영향을 미치는 사회적 인정의 영향력을 완전정신건강 모형에 근거하여 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 국가 폭력을 직접 경험한 당사자 138명의 참여로 국가폭력 외상 경험에 대한 현재 주관적 고통감, 국가폭력 외상후 사회적 스트레스 경험에 대한 현재 주관적 고통감, 복합외상후스트레스 장애 증상, 정신적 웰빙을 측정하였다. 국가폭력 후 사회적 스트레스 경험에 대한 주관적 고통감은 주축 요인분석을 통해 일곱 개 요인으로 구분되었고 그중에 사회적 인정 부재와 관련하여 사회제도적비승인, 국가 비승인, 관계적 비승인의 3요인을 확인하였다. 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 완전 및 양호 정신건강 집단을 근거로 했을 때, 국가 비승인과 관계적 비승인이 쇠약 및 후유증 집단의 위험요인으로 나타났다. 회복에서 후유증 뿐만 아니라 정신적 웰빙 역시 고려해야 한다. 정의 추구, 사과, 배상과 같은 정부의 사회적 인정은 국가 폭력 생존자의 CPTSD 증상과 정신적 웰빙과 관련된 중요한 요인으로, 회복은이러한 인정의 토대 위에서 구축해야 할 것이다.

Abstract

This study examined the effect of social acknowledgement on the mental health of individuals who have experienced state violence in Korea based on the complete mental health model. A total of 138 state violence survivors completed surveys measuring perceived distress from state violence trauma and post-state violence social stressors, complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) symptoms, and mental well-being. Conducting a principal axis factoring (PAF) of the post-state violence social stressors, we identified seven factors including three factors related to the absence of social acknowledgment, namely, socio-institutional disapproval, disapproval from state, and relational disapproval. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that disapproval from state and relational disapproval were risk factors for the languishing and syndrome group, in reference to the complete to moderate mental health group. For recovery, mental well-being should be considered, in addition to symptoms. The government’s social acknowledgment, including seeking justice, apologizing, and making reparation, is a crucial factor related to CPTSD symptoms and mental well-being of survivors of state violence, and seeking recovery should be built upon this acknowledgment.

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