Fabrication of Nanopillars-Based Raman Substrates for Maximizing SERS Effects: Focusing on Advancement and Applications
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Plasmonic nanopillars are highly promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) because of theirsimple fabrication process, cost-effectiveness, and efficient nanogap formation. These characteristics render them ideal for biosensingand environmental monitoring. This review highlights the advancements in SERS substrates utilizing nanopillars fabricated via electrochemicalmethods with a focus on strategies to enhance the sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility. Key approaches include theelectrochemical fabrication of silver nanopillars and introduction of their growth mechanisms. To address the oxidation issues of Agnanopillars, bimetallic nanopillars developed through galvanic replacement are discussed, along with hybrid nanostructures designedto increase the nanogap density and electric field amplification. These structures have demonstrated excellent detection capabilitiesfor biomarkers, such as amyloid beta and uric acid, as well as environmental toxins, such as cadmium, mercury, and thiram. In conclusion,electrochemical nanopillars offer a versatile, scalable, and cost-effective platform for high-performance SERS sensors,strongly supporting their potential practical applications in biosensing and environmental monitoring.
Abstract
Plasmonic nanopillars are highly promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) because of theirsimple fabrication process, cost-effectiveness, and efficient nanogap formation. These characteristics render them ideal for biosensingand environmental monitoring. This review highlights the advancements in SERS substrates utilizing nanopillars fabricated via electrochemicalmethods with a focus on strategies to enhance the sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility. Key approaches include theelectrochemical fabrication of silver nanopillars and introduction of their growth mechanisms. To address the oxidation issues of Agnanopillars, bimetallic nanopillars developed through galvanic replacement are discussed, along with hybrid nanostructures designedto increase the nanogap density and electric field amplification. These structures have demonstrated excellent detection capabilitiesfor biomarkers, such as amyloid beta and uric acid, as well as environmental toxins, such as cadmium, mercury, and thiram. In conclusion,electrochemical nanopillars offer a versatile, scalable, and cost-effective platform for high-performance SERS sensors,strongly supporting their potential practical applications in biosensing and environmental monitoring.