조선조 성리학적 君臣關係의 권력구조 연구: 三峰과 茶山의 비교분석

Abstract

This study examines the Structure of political power in Neo-confucian Relationship of the king and the subject in the Stage of Chosen Dynasty The subject right theory has started ‘checks and balances’ of the king’s right in the political process which the Early Stage of Chosen Dynasty has chosen neo-confucianism as ruling ideology. The reason that the confucian scholars in this period accepted the neo-confucianism as an alternative political discourse is because it provided an efficient weapon against king’s right and a theoretical resource for reinforcing their position as a new political force. The purpose of this study is threefold: to reexamine the nature of political thoughts and aims of ’the subject’s right theory’ in the Early Stage of Chosen Dynasty as the neo-confucian discourse, to emphasize the intimate relationship of the political thoughts between king, the subjects and peoples as the neo-confucian discourse, to identify the major aspects of political history in terms of ‘checks and balances’ of the king’s right and the subject’s right. Thus during a period from the first year of Tae-jo to the last stage of Tae-jong, the subject’s achieved a solution to the problem of political stability, but they could not solve the problem of creating adequate political authority for the achievement of king’s power. The balance of power between king’s right and the subject’s right was an asset for the maintenance of political stability, but it was a liability when the subject’s right was faced with the need to strengthen the king’s right. The subjects had a stake in the preservation of a political system that was at the same time centralized and weak, and neither kings nor could provide strong political power - kings were subject to too many restraints and the subjects were always subordinated to royal authority. Therefore one of the main problems for an amicable solution was establishment of kundo(君道) and Sindo(臣道) through Sukichiin(修己治人). This article argues that analysis of the comparative Sambong(鄭道傳)-Dasan(丁若鏞) confucian politics in pre- Chin period which have provided the struture of political power