스티칭 된 탄소섬유 강화 복합소재의 박리 특성에 온도와 두께가 미치는 영향
Influence of Thickness and Temperature on Delamination Properties of Stitched Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
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초록
스티칭은 탄소섬유 강화 복합재료(CFRP)의 취약점인 두께 방향의 물성을 향상시키는 기법 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 스티칭을 통해 CFRP의 물성을 향상시키고 극한 환경에서의 항공용 복합소재 적용을 위한 고온 조건 설계와 실제 사용 환경을 고려한 두께 증가 효과에 대해서 탐구하였다. 스티칭 된 CFRP의 경우 비 스티칭 CFRP 대비 최대 18.2% 높은 임계 하중 값과 33.2% 높은 탄성률을 가지는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한 온도 조건에 따라 CFRP가 고온에 노출된 영역이 증가할수록 CFRP의 임계 하중 값과 탄성률은 감소하였으며, 이는 스티칭 유무와 두께에 관계없이 모두 동일한 결과를 나타냈다. 두꺼운 두께 CFRP는 스티칭에 의해 하중 감소 구간에서 낮은 하락률을 보이는 반면, 얇은 두께 CFRP의 경우 하락률의 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 또한 얇은 두께의 CFRP는 스티칭 원사에 의해 박리 진행 방향이 바뀌게 되면서 다층 박리가 일어난 것을 관찰하였다. 결과적으로 스티칭 유무에 따른 탄소섬유 복합소재의 단점을 보완하고 물성을 증가시키면서, 항공용 부품 적용을 위해 고려해야 할 다양한 요인들의 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 기존에는 고려되지 않았던 복합재의 온도 분위기 조성에 대한 새로운 관점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
Stitching is one of the techniques used to improve the through-thickness properties of CFRPs. In this study, the enhancement of CFRP properties through stitching for aerospace applications was investigated with considering high-temperature conditions and thickness effect. Stitched CFRPs were observed to have 18.2% higher maximum loads and 33.2% higher elastic moduli than non-stitched CFRPs. In addition, as the areas exposed to high temperatures increased, the mechanical properties of the CFRPs decreased regardless of stitching. In thick CFRPs, the load drop rate was complemented by stitching yarn. However, for thin CFRPs, there was no significant change in load drop rate. Additionally, it was observed from testing of the thin CFRPs that multi-layer delamination occurred as the precrack propagation direction changed due to stitching yarns. This study highlights the influence of various factors that need to be considered for the application of CFRPs in the aerospace field, and suggests improving weaknesses by enhancing mechanical properties through stitching. Finally, new perspectives on temperature conditions are presented.
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