적층형 복합재의 점진적 피로 손상 모델링과 피로 수명 예측
Progressive Fatigue Damage Modeling and Life Prediction of Laminated Composites
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본 논문에서는 적층형 복합재료의 피로 수명 예측을 위한 점진적 피로 손상 모델을 제안한다. 이 모델은연속체 역학을 기반으로 복합재의 층내 손상 진전을 모사하며, LaRC05 파손 기준을 적용하여 섬유와 기지 각각에 대한 손상 개시를 예측한다. 재료의 손상 변수를 도입하여 반복 하중에 따른 물성 저하를 모델링하였으며, 이는 피로 하중 사이클에 따라 점진적으로 축적되어 피로 수명을 예측할 수 있게 한다. 섬유 파손, 기지 균열, 섬유비틀림 및 갈라짐 등 주요 파손 메커니즘을 고려하여 복합재 내부에 발생하는 손상 과정을 분석하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 유한요소 프로그램 ABAQUS의 UMAT subroutine으로 구현되었다. 모델 검증을 위해 T700/2510 복합재를 사용한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 다양한 적층 순서와 응력비를 가진 적층형 복합재 시편에 대해 피로 수명을 예측하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 복합재 시편의 S-N 곡선과 비교하여 실험 결과와의 높은 일치도를 확인하였으며, 제안된 모델을 성공적으로 검증하였다.
Abstract
In this study, we present a progressive fatigue damage model for accurately predicting the fatigue life of laminated composites. The proposed model simulates intralaminar damage progression within composites based on the continuum mechanics and employs the LaRC05 failure criteria to predict the initiation of damage in both the fibers and matrix. A damage variable is introduced to capture the degradation of material properties under cyclic loading, which accumulates progressively with each fatigue cycle, enabling reliable fatigue life prediction. The model comprehensively accounts for key failure mechanisms, including fiber fracture, matrix cracking, fiber kinking, and fiber splitting and provides a detailed analysis of the damage evolution within the composite. The algorithm is implemented into the UMAT subroutine of ABAQUS. To validate the model, simulations were conducted using T700/ 2510 composite laminates, evaluating fatigue life with various stacking sequences and stress ratios. The simulation results were compared with experimental S-N curves, and showed a strong correlation, thereby confirming the accuracy and reliability of the proposed model.
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