임부의 출산기대: Q 방법론적 접근
Exploring Childbirth Expectations in Pregnant Women: Q Methodological Approach
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초록
본 연구는 Q 방법론을 적용하여 임부의 출산기대 유형을 확인하고 각 유형의 특성을 확인하였다. 심층 면담 및 문헌 고찰을 통하여 선정된 40개의 Q 진술문은 31명의 P 표본에 의해 강제분포하였고, PQMethod 프로그램으로 분석한 결과 임부의 출산기대는 4개 유형으로 분류되었다. ‘가족중심의 자연주의 출산’ 유형은 필요 이상의 의료적 처치 없이 배우자와 함께 자연스러운 진통과 출산이 이뤄지기를 바란다. ‘의료기반의 나홀로 출산’ 유형은 진통과 출산을 두려워하며, 배우자의 동참 없이 의료적 처치로 안전이 보장되는 출산을 원한다. ‘의료기반의 가족 참여 출산’ 유형은 의료인의 처치와 결정을 신뢰하는 한편, 배우자와의 출산 경험을 통해 배우자가 자신을 이해, 공감하고 부모로 함께 성장하게 될 것을 기대한다. ‘의료기반의 고통 없는 출산’ 유형은 본인에 대한 이해와 공감을 갈망하면서 자신의 고통을 감소시키고 안위를 도모할 수 있는 적극적 의료중재를 바란다. 본 연구의 결과는 추후 임부의 출산기대 유형 사정 및 유형별 간호중재 전략 개발의 기반이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the types and characteristics of pregnant women’s childbirth expectations. Forty Q statements, selected through in-depth interviews and literature review, were sorted by 31 participants. Data analysis was performed using the PQMethod program, revealing 4 types of childbirth expectations. The ‘Family-Centered Natural Childbirth’ type prefers a natural labor and delivery process without excessive medical intervention, involving their partner. The ‘Medical-Based Solo Childbirth’ type fears labor and delivery, desiring safety ensured by medical interventions and prefers not to have their partner involved in the childbirth process. The ‘Medical-Based family Childbirth’ type trusts medical professionals’ decisions and treatments while hoping for a shared childbirth experience with their partner, aiming for mutual understanding and growth as parents. The ‘Medical- Based Pain-Free Childbirth’ type desires active medical interventions to minimize their pain and ensure comfort during labor and birth process. The findings provide a foundation for assessing childbirth expectations among pregnant women and developing targeted nursing intervention strategies.
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