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청소년 성범죄자들의 특이성, 어떻게 평가할 것인가?

The peculiarities of juvenile sex offenders, how can they be assessed?

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참고문헌

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초록

본 연구는 상대적으로 연구물이 적은 청소년 성범죄에 대한 가해자 특징을 살펴보고 이를 평가하여 치료에 활용할 대안을, 광범위한 문헌자료를 중심으로 하여, 재정리하였다. 이 같은 노력이 필요하였던 이유는, 최근 일 년에 이 천 건을 상회하는 청소년 성범죄 사건에 있어 몇 가지 특이성, 즉 단독범의 비율이 높아진다거나 비행연령대가 급속히 낮아진다는 등, 과거와는 다른 특징들이 포착되고 있기 때문이다. 외국의 경우 청소년들의 문제행동, 그중에서도 성적 일탈의 문제는 적극적으로 조기개입을 한다. 하지만 국내의 경우 청소년들을 대상으로 하여서는 성인 성범죄자와는 달리 성적 일탈의 양상이 보고되어 있지 않다. 특히 성적 일탈에 대한 진단 및 평가의 방법도 대부분 성인 성범죄자들에 대한 평가방법으로 그대로 답습하고 있는 편이다. 성범죄자들에 대한 개인적 특이성을 고려하여 적절한 치료효과를 산출하기 위하여서는 진단 및 평가시스템 역시 전문화되어야 한다. 문헌연구를 통한 청소년 성범죄자의 문제행동을 평가하고 예후를 추적하기 위한 측정도구로는 종합성격검사에 해당하는 MMPI-A와 PAI-A, 성일탈적 태도를 측정하는 MSI, MASA와 SAI-Juvenile, 정신병질을 평가하는 PCL-YV와 APSD, 생물학적 변화를 평가하는 PPG와 polygraph, 인지신경심리학적 도구인 AASI와 ASIC, 그리고 성범죄재범위험성 평가도구인 J-SOAP-II, ERASOR와 J-SORRAT-II 등이 있다. 이 같은 진단도구들은 청소년 성범죄자의 문제행동 특성 및 치료프로그램의 목적에 맞추어 적절히 활용되어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

This study explores the features of juvenile perpetrators and risk factors for which relatively little research has been done, and based on extensive bibliographic data on matters that must be considered ranging from therapy proposals to effectiveness from the criminal justice. The reason such effort is required, is that in the last year there have been an excess of 2,000 cases of juvenile sex crimes and several singularities, meaning the ratio of sole-offenders has risen while the age group of the sex offender has dropped, particulars that are different from those of the past. In foreign countries, proactive early intervention is performed on minors who displayed troubled behavior, sexual deviation in particular. However, in Republic of Korea, differing from adult sex offenders, the aspect of juvenile sexual deviation is not reported. In particular, the diagnosis and methods of assessment for sexual deviation follow the assessment methods mostly used for adult sex offenders. To determine an appropriate therapy effect considering the individual particulars of juvenile offenders, the diagnosis and assessment system should be specialized. The troubled behavior of juvenile sex offenders will be evaluated through the bibliographic data and the measuring tools used to pursue a prognosis will include the MMPI-A and PAI-A intended for a complete personality test, an MSI, MASA and SAI-Juvenile that measures attitudes towards sexual deviancy, PCL-Ivan APSD that assesses mental illness, PPG and polygraph that assesses biological changes, the neuropsychological tools, AASI and ASIC, and J-SOAP-II, ERASOR and J-SORRAT-II, assessment tools to determine the risk of recidivism of sex offences. These types of diagnosis tools will be used in determining the features of the troubled behavior of juvenile sex offenders and achieving the goals of a therapy program.

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