연구와 연구증거에 관한 경찰공무원 인식
A Study on the Perception of Police Officers regarding Research and Research Evidence
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 연구는 증거기반 경찰활동을 이론적 배경으로 한국 경찰이 연구와 연구증거 등을 어떻게 인식하고 수용하고 있는지 그 태도를 분석해 보았다. 증거기반 경찰활동은 경찰정책과 업무가 과학적으로 엄밀한 증거와 분석을 통해 지지될 것을, 그리고 이를 위해 신뢰성 높은 증거의 구축과 이러한 증거들의 현장 활용 활성화를 요구한다. 치안 현장의 중요성에 대한 인식을 바탕으로 대구광역시와 경상북도에서 근무하는 경찰공무원 396명의 설문자료를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 증거기반 경찰활동에 대해 용어 자체를 모르거나 개념은 들어보았지만 구체적인 내용을 모르는 상태가 63.39%로 나타났고, 이는 지역사회경찰활동(28.29%)이나 문제지향경찰활동(52.27%)보다 열악한 상태임이 확인되었다. 둘째, 한국 경찰은 현장 경찰활동 과정에서 연구결과를 전혀 참고하지 않는다는 응답이 가장 높았고(37.88%), 주로 참고하는 연구결과물은 경찰기관 내부자료(36.62%)로 나타났다. 반면 학술지(5.05%)와 연구소 보고서(7.58%) 등은 현장에서 활용도가 낮았다. 셋째, 한국 경찰은 현장 경험의 가치를 과학적 연구보다 더욱 신뢰하고 있었다. 넷째, 경찰활동의 효과성을 검증하기 위한 노력 의지는 전반적으로 긍정적인 모습을 보였다. 하지만 엄밀한 방식인 무작위 통제실험보다 사전·사후 비교를 더욱 선호하는 것으로, 그리고 외부 연구자에 비해 조직 내부 관계자에게 필요한 도움을 요청하는 것을 더욱 선호했다. 마지막으로, 선행연구에서 경찰의 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석된 다양한 조직 및 배경 특성들은 이 연구에서도 일정한 영향을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 한국 경찰이 지향하는 지식경찰과 과학치안을 실현하기에 필요한 정책적 처방과 향후 연구 방향에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study analyzed how the Korean police perceive and accept research and research evidence, based on the theoretical background of evidence-based policing. Evidence-based policing(EBP) emphasize that police policies and work are supported through scientifically rigorous evidence and analysis, and to this end, it requires the construction of highly reliable evidence and the activation of field use of such evidence. Based on awareness of the importance of policing field, the results of analyzing the survey data of 396 police officers working in Daegu Metropolitan City and Gyeongsangbuk-do are as follows. First, 63.39% did not know the term itself or had heard of the concept but did not know the specifics of EBP, which was lower than community policing(28.29%) or problem-oriented policing(52.27%). Second, the highest response(37.88%) was that Korean police do not refer to research results at all during field activities, and the research results they mainly refer to are internal police agency data(36.62%). On the other hand, academic journals(5.05%) and research reports(7.58%) had low utilization in the field. Third, Korean police believed in the value of field experience more than scientific research. Fourth, the willingness to make efforts to verify the effectiveness of police activities showed an overall positive appearance. However, they preferred pre-and-post comparison rather than a rigorous randomized controlled experiment, and they preferred to ask for necessary help from insiders of the organization compared to external researchers. Lastly, various organizational and background characteristics analyzed as influencing police attitudes in previous studies were also found to have a certain influence in this study. According to these research results, policy prescriptions and future research directions necessary to realize the knowledge police and scientific policing pursued by the Korean police were discussed.
참고문헌 (40)
- 경찰청, "경찰백서" (2022), 경찰청
- 김상호, "경찰혁신 확산 요인에 관한 연구", 치안정책연구, 31(1), pp.43~76 (2017)
- 남궁근, "행정조사방법론" (1998), 법문사
- 문유석, "문제지향적 경찰활동의 실제와 도입 방향", 지방정부연구, 25(4), pp.263~289 (2022)
- Blaskovits, B., "A Canadian replication of Telep and Lum’s(2014) examination of police officers’receptivity to empirical research", Policing And Society, 30(3), pp.276~294 (2020)
- Byron, J., "A Brief History of Evidence-Based Policy", ANNALS AAPSS, 678(7), pp.40~50 (2018)
- Davies, M., "To What Extent Can We Trust Police Research?", Nordisk Politiforskning, 3(2), pp.154~164 (2016)
- Gamoran, A., "Evidence-Based Policy in the Real World: A Cautionary View", ANNALS AAPSS, 678(7), pp.180~191 (2018)
- Greene, J. R., "New Directions in Policing: Balancing Prediction and Meaning in Police Research", Justice Quarterly, 31(2), pp.193~228 (2014)
- Haskins, R., "Evidence-Based Policy: The Movement, the Goals, the Issues, the Promise", ANNALS AAPSS, 678(7), pp.8~37 (2018)
- Improving Partnerships Between Law Enforcement Leaders and University Based Researchers, "IACP", IACP, ~ (2004)
- Jonathan-Zamir, T., "The Future of Evidence-Based Policing", pp.193~210 (2023), Cambridge University Press
- Kalyal, H., "Well, there’s a more scientific way to do it!: factors influencing receptivity to evidence-based practices in police organizations", Police Practice And Research, 21(6), pp.609~623 (2020)
- Klockares, C. B., "The Police and Society", pp.427~445 (1999), Waveland Press
- Knox, V., "Can Evidence-Based Policy Ameliorate the Nation’s Social Problems?", ANNALS AAPSS, 678, pp.166~179 (2018)
- Koziarski, J., "Resistance to evidence-based policing: Canadian police executives’ perceptions as to which level of Canadian policing is most resistant", Police Practice And Research, 22(1), pp.763~776 (2021)
- Lum, C., "Critical Issues in Policing", pp.1~15 (2015), Waveland Press
- Lum, C., "Receptivity to Research in Policing", Justice Research and Policy, 14(1), pp.61~95 (2012)
- Lumsden, K., "Police Officer and Civilian Staff Receptivity to Research and Evidence-Based Policing in the UK: Providing a Constextual Understanding through Qualitative Interviews", Policing, 11(2), pp.157~167 (2016)
- Lumsden, K., "Policing Research and the Rise of the ‘Evidence-Base’: Police Officer and Staff Understandings of Research, its Implementation and ‘What Works’", Sociology, 52(4), pp.813~829 (2018)
- Martin, P., "Police Leadership in Fostering Evidence-Based Agency Reform", Policing, 10(1), pp.34~43 (2015)
- O’Brien, B., "The Globalization of Evidence-Based Policing", pp.255~272 (2022), Routledge
- Orr, L. L., "The Role of Evaluation in Building Evidence-Based Policy", ANNALS AAPSS, 678(7), pp.51~59 (2018)
- Ratchliffe, J. H., "Evidence-Based Policing" (2023), Routledge
- Rojek, J., "The utilization of research by the police", Police Practice and Research: an international journal, 13(4), pp.329~341 (2012)
- Sherman, L. W., "The Rise of Evidence-Based Policing: Targeting, Testing, and Tracking", Crime and Justice, 42(1), pp.377~451 (2013)
- Skogan, W. G., "Why reforms fail", Policing & Society, 18(1), pp.23~34 (2008)
- Telep, C. W., "Police Officer Receptivity to Research and Evidence-Based Policing : Examining Variability Within and Across Agencies", Crime & Delinquency, 63(8), pp.976~999 (2017)
- Telep, C. W., "The Receptivity of Officers to Empirical Research and Evidence-Based Policing : An Examination of Survey Data From Three Agencies", Police Quarterly, 17(4), pp.359~385 (2014)
- Telep, C. W., "Examining police officers definitions of evidence-based policing : are we speaking the same language?", Policing And Society, 29(2), pp.171~187 (2019)
- Telep, C. W., "Police Executive Receptivity to Research : A Survey of Chiefs and Sheriffs in Oregon", Policing, 10(3), pp.241~249 (2015)
- Tilley, N., "Sherman vs Sherman : Realism vs Rhetoric", Criminology & Criminal Justice, 9(2), pp.135~144 (2009)
- Van Maanen, J., "The Police And Society", pp.346~367 (1999), Waveland Press
- Weisburd, D., "The Future of Evidence-Based Policing", pp.1~16 (2023), Cambridge University Press
- Weisburd, D., "Does Research Design Affect Study Outcomes in Criminal Justice?", The Annals of The American Academy, 578, pp.50~70 (2001)
- Willis, J. J., "Ideas in American Policing" (2013), The Police Foundation
- Willis, J. J., "Pulling Together: Integrating Craft and Science", Policing, 8(4), pp.321~329 (2014)
- Willis, J. J., "The Future of Evidence-Based Policing", pp.64~81 (2023), Cambridge University Press
- Wilson, J. Q., "Dilemmas of Police Administration", Public Administration Review, pp.407~417 (1968)
- Wu, X., "Trends in police research: A cross-sectional analysis of the 2010-2014 literature", Police Practice and Research, 19(6), pp.609~616 (2018)
