새로 발견된 妙法蓮華經三昧懺法을 통해 본 고려 후기 법화신행

Abstract

With recent discovery of the two Buddhist texts, reappraisal of late-Goryeo’s belief and practice of the Lotus Sutra is required. Both the works are Beophwa sammaecham joseon gangui (『法華三昧懺助宣講儀』, Commentary on Repentance Ritual of the Ṣaddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi; hereafter, Gangui) edited by Goryeo’s Myohyeo妙慧 and Myobeop yeonhwagyeong sammae chambeop (『妙法蓮華經三昧懺法』, Method of the Lotus Sutra Samādhi; hereafter, Chambeop) edited by Goryeo’s San-geung山亘. After all, the practice of saddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi, or Dharma-flower absorption, in the Goryeo period was reportedly done at Baengnyeon-sa(白蓮寺) and Myoryeon-sa(妙蓮寺); however, the above newly-found are texts not utilized at Baengnyeon-sa. The Dharma-flower practice conducted around Myoryeon-sa was one done primarily by national preceptors國統, Wonhyeo and Mu-oe, and a master Uiseon in the later period of the temple. The text for the practice at the time was Chambeop edited by Goryeo’s San-geung山亘. Also, Myohyeo, abbot of Yeongam-sa, compiled its commentary, Gangui, for the correct cultivation of the Lotus samadhi. The compiler of the commentary Myohyeo also wrote the epilogue of Beophwa yeongheomjeon (『법화영험전』, The Miracle of he Ṣaddharma-puṇḍarīika-samādhi) edited by Yowon. This epilogue makes it clear that he was motivated to write the commentary for the correct practice of the Lotus Sutra and that this book should be consulted for confirming the efficacy of the practice. Thus, it follows that this book played a significant role as a text of the Lotus belief and practice. The text also offers an exposition based on Zhiyi’s智顗 Fahua wenju『法華文句』, whereas the Baengryeon-sa’s adopted Jiehuan’s戒環 commentarial edition on the sutra. In addition, the practice was supported by a descendant of Jo Deok-yu, an influential figure under the rule of Yuan China. Such being the case, it can be recognized that late-Goryeo’s belief and practice activities of the Lotus Sutra were done in two ways: one was by the practice relying upon Beophwa sammae chamui 法華三昧懺儀 around Baekryeon-sa, and the other upon Chambeop around Myoryeon-sa.