학월 경산의 수행과 지계

Abstract

In this article, Hagwŏl Kyŏngsan’s life was considered with a focus on the ‘discipline’. Kyŏngsan was elected as the executive chief four times during times of extreme chaos inside and outside the Buddhist community during the Japanese colonial period and the Buddhist purification movement, and served as the leader of the Korean Buddhist Jogye Order. He had a strong belief that precepts are the foundation on which Zen(禪) and Teaching(敎) are established, and that they are the driving force behind the development of Korean Buddhism that supports the denomination. This position is presumed to be greatly influenced by the situation of Korean Buddhism that he experienced in his youth and the high priests of the time who tried to overcome it through the balance of the precepts. He places great importance on the spiritual realm preached in Brahmāʼs Net Sūtra as a means for developing self-nature and Buddha-nature and ultimately leading to enlightenment by completing the practice. As a leader, he emphasized the harmony and autonomy of the members. Kyŏngsan’s ultimate goal of purification was to create a Buddhist land where the monks operate autonomously based on the discipline, and the members of the monks coordinate their opinions and harmonize with each other without arguing in the courts of the world.