우리글 읽기에서 지각 폭 연구
The perceptual span during reading Korean sentences
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초록
이 연구에서는 McConkie와 Rayner(1975)에서 소개된 움직이는-창(moving-window) 방법으로 우리글 읽기에서 지각 폭, 즉 한 고정에서 유용한 정보가 추출되는 범위에 대해 알아보았다. 실험 1에서는 창의 크기를 좌우 대칭인 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15자로 조작하여 창이 없는 통제 조건과 수행을 비교했다. 분당 읽을 수 있는 어절의 수(읽기율)를 비교했을 때는 15자 조건은 통제 조건과 수행 차이가 없었으나, 나머지 다른 조건들은 통제 조건보다 수행이 저조했다. 고정의 수에서는 15자 조건과 통제 조건은 차이가 없었고, 13자 조건은 통제 조건보다 고정의 수가 많은 경향을 보였고, 다른 조건들은 통제 조건보다 많았다. 빈칸을 한 자로 취급한 글자 도약 거리에서는 결과는 읽기율에서와 같았고, 화소에 기초한 화소 도약 거리에서는 결과 양상이 고정의 수에서와 동일했다. 고정시간에서도 다른 결과들과 비슷했는데, 15자, 13자 및 11자 조건들은 차이가 없었고, 9자 조건들은 통제 조건보다 짧은 경향을 보였으며, 나머지 다른 조건들은 통제 조건보다 대체로 짧았다. 실험 2에서는 지각 폭의 비대칭성을 알아보기 위해 고정 좌측의 창 크기를 0, 1, 2, 3, 4자로 조작하였다. 그 결과, 읽기율, 고정 수, 고정 시간 등에서 1자 조건만 통제 조건과 차이가 나타났고 도약 거리는 조건별로 차이가 나지 않았다. 이 연구에서는 우리글 읽기에서 처음으로 지각 폭의 크기를 여러 지표에서 나타나는 왼쪽으로 1자, 오른쪽으로 6-7자로 추정했다.
Abstract
The present study investigated the perceptual span during reading Korean, using the moving-window display change technique introduced by McConkie and Rayner(1975). Eight different window sizes were used in Experiment 1. They were 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 characters in size and the full line. Reading rate, number of fixation, saccadic distance, fixation duration were compared between each window-size condition and the full line condition. The reading rate was no higher in the full line condition than in the 15 character condition but was higher than in the other conditions. The number of fixations was no larger in the full line condition than in the 15 character condition, had a tendency to be larger than in the 13 characters condition, and was more than in the other conditions. The result pattern of the saccadic distance based on character was the same as that of the reading rate, and the saccadic distance based on the pixel was the same as that of the number of fixation. Similarly, for fixation duration, there was no differences between whole line condition and 15, 13, and 11 characters condition. The fixation duration had a tendency to be shorter in the 9 characters, and was shorter in the 7, 5, and 3 characters conditions than whole line condition. In Experiment 2, based on asymmetry of perceptual span, the 6 different window sizes(0, 1, 2, 3, 4 characters in size and the full line) were used. There was a difference only between the 0 condition and the other conditions in the reading rate, number of fixations, fixation duration. Considering the pattern of eye-movement measures above, the perceptual span of Korean readers extends about 6-7 characters to the right of fixation and 1 character to the left of fixation.
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