본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구의 기본 접근들 : 이론적 소고

Three basic approaches in the critical communication research : A theoretical review.

0

조회

0

다운로드

4

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류신문방송학

초록

비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구 진영 내에서는 미디어가 이데올로기적 기구로서 자본주의적 지배관계를 재생산하는 데 기여한다는 기본적인 생각은 공유해왔지만, 미디어가 수행하는 이데올로기적 역할에 대한 설명은 동일하지 않다. 이 글에서는 비판적 미디어 연구 전통 내부의 다양한 이론적 입장을 미디어 정치경제학, 구조주의적 접근, 문화주의적 접근으로 설정하고 각 접근의 특징과 이들 사이의 이론적 긴장을 살펴보고 그 의미를 논의했다. 근래에 들어 이들 사이에 이론적 접목과 수렴이 이루어지고 있는 것이 사실이지만 기본접근들을 이렇게 세 가지로 구분해서 살펴보는 것은 비판적 커뮤니케이션 연구가 추구해온 원초적인 이론적 지향점들을 이해하는 데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 초기 비판적 미디어 연구에서 중요한 이론적 방향을 제시했던 이들 세 접근이 자본주의 사회에서 미디어가 수행하는 이데올로기적 역할을 어떻게 규정했는지를 알아보는 것은 미디어 지형에서 상당한 변화를 겪은 오늘날에도 여전히 많은 함의를 갖기 때문이다.

Abstract

Despite a widespread agreement within the circle of critical communication research upon the basic idea that the capitalist media, as an ideological agent, contribute to the reproduction of the capitalist relations of domination, there have existed radical differences in the ways to explain the ideological roles of the media among different approaches within the circle. Setting the basic approaches in the critical media studies as political economy of the media, structuralist approach, and culturalist approach, this paper examined the distinctive theoretical features of each approach and tensions among those approaches. Even though there began to arose a converging trend among different approaches within critical media studies, a short theoretical review of these three approaches will be of great help for understanding the original theoretical and practical concerns of critical communication research, offering an insight for analyzing the signifying practices of the media and audiences these days. Drawing on the ways in which these three approaches define the ideological role of the media in capitalist societies, we can expand our knowledge on the role of the media in capitalist domination in the current digital era.

참고문헌 (65)

  1. 류웅재, "담론분석과 정치경제학의 조우 가능성에 대한 탐색적 연구 커뮤니케이션 질적 연구방법론의 몇 가지 논점을 중심으로", 언론과 사회, 18(4), pp.37~73 (2010), 성곡언론문화재단
  2. 문상현, "미디어 정치경제학의 학문적 지형과 이론적 과제", 한국언론정보학보, 45(1), pp.77~110 (2009), 한국언론정보학회
  3. 박홍원, "칼 마르크스의 이데올로기 개념: 문화연구와 비판적 미디어 연구에 대한 함의", 한국방송학보, 20(2), pp.157~196 (2006), 한국방송학회
  4. 이남표, "방송통신융합시대의 정치 경제학 : 비판적 계승을 위한 시론적 탐색", 한국언론정보학보, 33(33), pp.193~225 (2006), 한국언론정보학회
  5. 임영호, "한국 언론학에서 비판적 패러다임의 문제설정: 반성과 전망", 한국방송학보, 15(2), pp.343~379 (2001)
  6. 정진홍, "비판 커뮤니케이션 연구상의 통념화된 편견과 비판 개념: 비판 커뮤니케이션 연구상의 지적 위기에 대한 비판 연구자의 반성적 소고", 신문학보, (26), pp.315~344 (1991)
  7. 조항제, "한국의 비판언론학에 대한 비판적 성찰 - 문화연구와 정치경제학을 중심으로", 한국언론정보학보, 43(3), pp.7~46 (2008), 한국언론정보학회
  8. Althusser, L, "For Marx" (1969), London: Allen Lane
  9. Althusser, L, "Ideology and ideological state apparatuses. In Lenin and philosophy and other essays", pp.127~186 (1971), New York: Monthly Review Press
  10. Bakhtin,M.M, "The dialogic imagination: Four essays" (1981), Austin: University of Texas Press
  11. Barrett, M., "Ideology and cultural production. In: Representation and cultural production", pp.9~24 (1979), New York: St. Martin's Press
  12. Barthes, R, "Elements of semiology" (1967), London: Jonathan Cape
  13. Barthes, R, "Mythologies" (1972), London: Jonathan Cape
  14. Barthes, R, "Textual strategies: Perspectives in poststructuralist criticism. In: From work to text", pp.73~81 (1979), Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
  15. Brantlinger, P, "영미문화연구: 크루소의 발자국" (2000), 서울: 문화과학사
  16. Caws, P, "Structuralsim: A philosophy for the human sciences" (1988), Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press
  17. Connerton, P, "Critical sociology: Selected readings. In: Introduction", pp.11~39 (1976), Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books
  18. Curran, J., "Culture, society and the media. In: The study of the media: Theoretical approaches", pp.11~29 (1982), London: Methuen
  19. Eco, U, "The role of the reader: Explorations in the semiotics of texts" (1979), Bloomington: Indiana University Press
  20. Fiske, J, "Television and popular culture: Reflections on British and American critical practice", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 3, pp.200~216 (1986)
  21. Garnham, N, "Contribution to a political economy of mass communication", Media, Culture and Society, 1, pp.123~146 (1979)
  22. Garnham, N, "Capitalism and culture: Global culture and the economics of information" (1990), London: Sage
  23. Garnham, N, "Political economy and cultural studies: Reconciliation or divorce", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 12(1), pp.62~71 (1995)
  24. Giddens, A, "Central problems in social theory: Action, structure and contradiction in social analysis" (1979), Berkeley: University of California Press
  25. Golding, P, "Ideology and cultural production. In: Ideology and the mass media: The question of the determination", pp.198~224 (1979), New York: St. Martin's Press
  26. Golding, P, "Mass media and society. In: Culture, communications, and political economy", pp.15~32 (1991), London: Edward Arnold
  27. Gramsci, A, "Selections from the prison notebooks" (1971), New York: International Publishers
  28. Grossberg, L, "Cultural studies vs. political economy: Is anybody else bored with this debate", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 12(1), pp.72~81 (1995)
  29. Hall, S, "Papers on class, hegemony and party. In: Rethinking the 'base-and-superstructure' metaphor", pp.43~72 (1977), London: Lawrence and Wishart
  30. decoding, "Culture, media, language: Working papers in cultural studies, 1972-1979. In: Encoding", pp.1980, Hall, S
  31. Hall, S, "Cultural studies: Two paradigms", Media, Culture and Society, 2, pp.57~72 (1980)
  32. Hall, S, "Culture, society and the media. In: The rediscovery of ideology: Return of the repressed in media studies", pp.56~90 (1982), London: Methuen
  33. Hall, S, "Signification, representation, ideology: Althusser and the post-structuralist debates", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 2, pp.91~114 (1985)
  34. Hall, S, "On postmodernism and articulation: An interview with Stuart Hall", Journal of Communication Inquiry, 10(2), pp.45~60 (1986)
  35. Hall, S, "Cultural studies. In: Cultural studies and its theoretical legacies", pp.277~286 (1992), London: Routledge
  36. Hanczor, R. S, "Articulation theory and public controversy: Taking sides over NYPD Blue", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 14(1), pp.1~30 (1997)
  37. Held, S, "Introduction to critical theory: Horkheimer to Habermas" (1980), Berkeley: University of California Press
  38. Hoggart, R, "The uses of literacy: Changing patterns in English mass culture" (1957), Boston: Beacon Press
  39. Horkheimer, M., "Dialectic of enlightenment" (1972), New York: Herder & Herder
  40. Jameson, F, "The seeds of time" (1994), New York: Columbia University Press
  41. Jay, M, "The dialectic imagination: A history of Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research, 1923-1950" (1973), Boston: Little Brown
  42. Jensen, K. B, "Qualitative audience research: Toward an integrative approach to reception", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 4, pp.21~36 (1987)
  43. Theories of ideology: Notes on an impasse, "Ideology and cultural production. In: Histories of culture", pp.1979, Johnson, R
  44. Klaehn, J, "The political economy of media and power" (2010), New York: Peter Lang
  45. Miliband, R, "The state in capitalist society" (1969), New York: Basic Books
  46. Miliband, R, "Marxism and politics" (1977), New York: Oxford University Press
  47. Mosco, V, "The political economy of communication: Rethinking and renewal" (1996), London: Sage
  48. Mosco, V, "The political economy of communication. (2nd ed.)" (2009), London: Sage
  49. Mouffe, C, "Gramsci and Marxist theory. In: Hegemony and ideology in Gramsci", pp.168~204 (1979), London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
  50. Murdock, G, "Across the great divide: Cultural analysis and the condition of democracy", Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 12(1), pp.89~95 (1995)
  51. Murdock, G, "The socialist register 1973. In: For a political economy of mass communication", pp.205~234 (1974), London: Merlin Press
  52. Murdock, G, "Mass communication and society. In: Capitalism, communications, and class relations", pp.12~43 (1977), London: Edward Arnold
  53. Park, H. W, "A Gramscian approach to interpreting international communication", Journal of Communication, 48(4), pp.79~99 (1998)
  54. Schmidt, A, "History and structure: An essay on Hegelian-Marxist and structuralist theories of history" (1981), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
  55. Smith, S. B, "Considerations on Marx's base and superstructure", Social Science Quarterly, 65, pp.940~954 (1984)
  56. Storey, J, "Cultural studies and the study of popular culture. (2nd ed.)" (1998), Athens: University of Georgia Press
  57. Thompson, E. P, "The making of the English working class" (1963), New York: Vintage
  58. Thompson, E. P, "The poverty of theory and other essays" (1978), London: Merlin Press
  59. Tomlinson, J, "국제커뮤니케이션과 세계화", pp.273~305 (1998), 서울: 나남
  60. Tomlinson, J, "세계화와 문화" (2004), 서울: 나남
  61. Volosinov, V. N, "Marxism and the philosophy of culture" (1986), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
  62. Williams, R, "Culture and society, 1780-1950" (1958), New York: Columbia University Press
  63. Williams, R, "The long revolution" (1961), New York: Columbia University Press
  64. Williams, R, "Base and superstructure in Marxist cultural theory", New Left Review, 82, pp.3~16 (1973)
  65. Williams, R, "Marxism and literature" (1977), New York: Oxford University Press

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (16건)