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유명인의 사회적 발언과 이슈 지지 효과: 실험에 의한 영향력 검증

The Effect of Celebrity’s Advocacy of Social Issues : An Experimental Study

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주제분류신문방송학

초록

한국에서 김제동을 비롯한 활발한 사회참여 유명인들의 활동은 정치권과 언론,그리고 공중의 큰 관심을 불러왔고 이들의 영향은 일반적으로 짐작 되어왔다. 서구처럼 유명인 현상에 대한 학문적 관심은 아직 본격화 되지 않았고 선거에서 나타나는 유명인의 역할과 영향에 대한 과학적 접근은 최근에야 선을 보였다. 본 연구는최근 국내에서 선보인 설문지에 의한 상관분석의 한계를 뛰어 넘기 위해 실험을 통해 유명인의 정치사회적 영향력을 인과적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 대학생 603명을대상으로 2x3x2 (유명인의 표현자유 vs. 통제; 김제동, 윤도현, 통제; 송전탑이슈, 대화록 이슈) 요인설계에 의한 2단계 실험을 진행하였다. 유명인의 표현의 자유 실험처치는 유명인의 정치적 참여와 사회적 발언의 헌법적 보장과 외국의 예를명시하였고, 유명인 등장 처치는 김제동과 윤도현의 이슈에 대한 지지 여부로 처치하였으며, 이슈종류는 사전 테스트를 통해 비교적 의견이 고루 분포된 밀양송전탑과 정상회담 대화록 유출로 나누어 일방적 방향의 뉴스 보도 메시지 형태로 제작되었다. 조건에 따라 12개의 실험집단으로 무작위화가 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 첫째,한국에서 유명인의 일반적인 정치적 영향력이 실험을 통해 인과관계가 확인되었다. 둘째, 유명인의 영향이 특정 목표 대상의 지지에만 도움을 주는 것이 아니라 관련된 사고에까지 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 규범의 활성화 영향을 발견하였다. 셋째, 유명인의 사회적 발언과 정치참여는 유명인을 좋아하는 사람에게는 매우 중요한 호감과 의견일치를 통해 공신력의 증대 요소가 될 수 있다는 점이다. 헌법에 보장된 유명인의 표현의 자유 그리고 사회적 참여 그리고 적극적인 이슈지지 활동은 사람들에게 영향을 미칠뿐더러 자신의 이미지를 더욱 강화하고 사람들과 공유하는 공신력의 자산이 될 수 있다는 점을 비롯하여 유명인의 사회적 참여, 그리고 영향에 관한사항이 추가로 논의되었다.

Abstract

Kim Jaedong, a star MC and comedian has been famous for hisovert and persuasive voice over various social and political issues,receiving a great deal of attention from political side as well asthe general public. No research tried to find the impact of the celebritiesincluding Kim who engaged in social issues and politicsuntil recent years. This research is a bold attempt to verify celebrityeffect by using an experimental design, thus establishing acause-effect relationship. 603 college students were recruited for2x3x2 factorial design, which proceeded 2 steps. The first factorwas celebrity’s endorsement in issue advocacy message. (KimJaedong, Yoon Dohyun, control). The second factor was politicalfreedom of express as a social norm (political freedom of express,control). The last one was the topic of social issues (Powerline,Top secrete disclosure). 12 message versions were manipulatedand randomized according to the design. The results showed that celebrities increased the degree of issue support, confirming thecelebrity general impact on politics. Also, the interaction effect(celebrity’s endorsement under freedom of express activation condition)exerted a strong effect on the dependent variables. Otherfindings including target norm relevant activation and researchimplications were discussed.

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