재난안전분야 공무원의 조직몰입과 이직의도에 관한 연구: 스트레스 요인과 일-가정 균형 요인을 중심으로
A Study on Organizational Commitment and Turnover of Disaster Safety Personnel: Focusing on stress and work-life balance factors
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초록
본 연구는 안전분야 공무원의 조직몰입과 이직의도의 선행요인으로서 스트레스 요인과 일-삶(가정) 균형의 관계를 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 시민 안전에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 소방직 및 해경직 공무원의 경우 사건 및 사고가 발생한 현장에서의 즉각적인 의사결정을 내려야하며, 상황이 단기에 해결되지 않는 경우 비상대기 상태로 일상을 보내야하며, 직무수행 중에 부상을 당하거나 심하면 목숨을 잃을 수 있다는 두려움과 긴장감을 지니고 직무를 수행해야한다. 일반직 공무원에 비해 현장에서 시민의 생명과 재산을 직접적으로 지켜야하는 업무를 담당함에 따라 스트레스 수준이 높으며, 일-삶(가정)의 균형이 깨지기 쉬운 상황에 있다. 이러한 문제의식에 본 연구는 소방직과 해경직 공무원이 겪는 스트레스 요인(심리적 요인, 직무관련 요인)과 일-삶(가정)의 균형이 조직몰입과 이직의도에 갖는 관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과 일과 삶의 균형에 상충이 발생하는 응답자들의 경우 조직몰입이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 심리적 스트레스는 이직의도를 높이는 가장 중용한 요인으로 분서되었다. 이 밖에도 언론을 통해 보도된 여러 요인(위생요인, 행정보고의 부담 등)의 영향요인을 분석에 포함하여 분석결과를 도출하였다. 실증분석결과에 기초하여 정책제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between stress factors and work-life (home) balance as a predictor of organizational commitment and turnover intention in the field of safety. In the case of fire brigade and maritime civil servants who play an important role in citizen's safety, immediate decisions should be made at the scene where the incident or accident occurs. Moreover, if the situation is not resolved immediately, each day is spent in a state of emergency standby, in addition to constant fear and tension of work-related injuries or even death. Compared to general public officers, their stress level is higher and their work-life (home) balance is more fragile as they are directly responsible for protecting the lives and property of citizens at the scene. As such, this study analyzes the relationship between the stress factors (psychological factors, work-related factors) and work-life (home) balance among fire brigade and maritime civil servants in relation to organizational commitment and turnover intention. As a result of the analysis, we found that the respondents who experienced conflict with their work-life balance also experienced a decrease in organizational commitment. Also, psychological stress was analyzed as the most important factor of increased turnover intention. In addition, we analyzed the effects of various factors (hygiene factors, administrative reporting burden, etc.) reported through the media. Based on the results of empirical analysis, we also present policy suggestions.
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