유럽연합의 개인정보보호 집행체계에 관한 연구

Abstract

Data protection was addressed through legislation adopted by the EU as early as October 1995, when the EU adopted Directive 95/46/EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. The basic principles of the right, freedom, and privacy of an individual included in the Directive were based on the contents of the 1981 Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data aimed at protecting individuals in automatically processing personal information. The Directive is designed to protect the basic rights and freedoms of the public in each EU Member State, to safeguard their privacy right associated with personal information, and to promote free distribution of personal information among the EU nations. The Directive is commonly applied to both the public and the private sector. The Directive pushes ahead with a powerful personal information protection policy. The Directive requires EU Member States to enact their own legislation implementing its terms. The EU Directive is aimed at protecting the basic rights and freedom of an individual and his or her right to privacy in relation to the treatment of personal information. The EU plays a leading role in adopting personal information protection laws in the world, as is clearly exhibited in its personal information protection provisions discussed above. Not only has the EU been concerned with protecting data within EU Member States, but also the risks posed by the transmission of personal information to third countries. The European Union is showing the recent movement for the amendment of the legal system of personal information protection. If this new regulation for personal information takes effect, there is going to be a lot of changes in the European enforcement system for the protection of personal information.