The Analysis of the Effect of Population Aging on Social Polarization in South Korea: Focused on the Aging Variables and Gini Coefficient in the Elderly
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This research analyses how the social inequity in the older generation is affected by the factors of a society aging. The theoretical backgrounds analyses how the aged society and social inequity in the older generation in South Korea is different compared to the other OECD member countries. In addition, the literature review helps the understanding of an aged society. In this research, how to South Korea’s increase in the older population, the poverty rate, and the low fertility rate from 2006 to 2016 had an effect on the social inequity in the older population. The analysis in this research shows that the variable of South Korea’s increase in the older population has an effect on the social inequity in the older population. It is predicted that in South Korea’s case, the fertility rate and the dependency ratio will cause a decrease in the production in the country and will cause social inequity in the elderly. Therefore, it is likely that the poverty rate will grow higher in the older population when the percentage of the older generation increases. It looks like the lack of work and the low income are reasons of the social inequity the older population. Therefore, raising the fertility rate, slowing down the society aging process, and raising the income of the older generations are key points to solve the social inequity in the older generation. Policies should be made, starting from these factors.
Abstract
This research analyses how the social inequity in the older generation is affected by the factors of a society aging. The theoretical backgrounds analyses how the aged society and social inequity in the older generation in South Korea is different compared to the other OECD member countries. In addition, the literature review helps the understanding of an aged society. In this research, how to South Korea’s increase in the older population, the poverty rate, and the low fertility rate from 2006 to 2016 had an effect on the social inequity in the older population. The analysis in this research shows that the variable of South Korea’s increase in the older population has an effect on the social inequity in the older population. It is predicted that in South Korea’s case, the fertility rate and the dependency ratio will cause a decrease in the production in the country and will cause social inequity in the elderly. Therefore, it is likely that the poverty rate will grow higher in the older population when the percentage of the older generation increases. It looks like the lack of work and the low income are reasons of the social inequity the older population. Therefore, raising the fertility rate, slowing down the society aging process, and raising the income of the older generations are key points to solve the social inequity in the older generation. Policies should be made, starting from these factors.
참고문헌 (35)
- Baliga, S., "Polarization and Ambiguity", The American Economic Review, 103(7), pp.3071~3083 (2013)
- Barta, Z., "Chapter Title: Variations on Three Themes: Social Coalitions, Fiscal Polarization in In the Red" (2018), University of Michigan Press
- A Case Study of Policies for Promoting Elderly Employment in the OECD Countries, "Cho, S. J.", Korean Women’s Development Institute, ~ (2013)
- Comparison of the Employment Status of the Elderly in Major Developed Countries and Implications, "Choi, G. S.", Bank of Korea Economic Research Institute, ~ (2016)
- Cutler, M. D., "An Aging Society: Opportunity or Challenge?", Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1990(1), pp.1~73 (1990)
- Duclos, J., "Polarization : Concepts, Measurement, Estimation", Econometrica, 72(6), pp.1737~1772 (2004)
- Esteban, J., "On the Measurement of Polarization", Econometrica, 62(4), pp.819~851 (1994)
- Esteban, J., "Linking Conflict to Inequality and Polarization", The American Economic Review, 101(4), pp.1345~1374 (2011)
- Gradstein, M., , The American Economic Review, 92(4), pp.1192~1204 (2002)
- Guo, L., "Inequity Aversion and Fair Selling", Journal of Marketing Research, 52(1), pp.77~89 (2015)
- Hamnett, C., "Social Polarization in Global City: Theory and Evidence", Urban Studies, 31, pp.401~424 (1994)
- Harvey, M. C., "Decision Analysis Models for Social Attitudes toward Inequity", Management Science, 31(10), pp.1199~1212 (1985)
- Huppertz, W. J., "An Application of Equity Theory to Buyer-Seller Exchange Situations", Journal of Marketing Research, 15(2), pp.250~260 (1978)
- Reducing the High Rate of Poverty Among the Elderly in Korea, "Jones, R. S.", OECD Publishing, ~ (2014)
- Analyzing the Economic Impact of Population Aging and Developing an Aging Index, "Jung, H. W.", Korea Institute for health and Social Affairs, ~ (2012)
- A Study on Policy Direction for Retirement and Aging of Baby Boomers, "Jung, K. H.", Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, ~ (2011)
- Kang, T. H., "Baby Boomers of Major Developed Countries Impact and Implications of Retirement and Aging", International Economic Review (2016), Bank of Korea Economic Research Institute
- Korea's Fundamental Tax Reform Toward 21st Century, "Kwack, T.", Korea Economic Research Institute, ~ (2006)
- "Korean Statistics Information Service" (2019)[URL]
- 계봉오, "인구 고령화, 사회경제적 발전, 사회불평등의 관계", 경제와 사회, (106), pp.41~72 (2015), 비판사회학회[DOI]
- Changes in fertility rate in Korea Decision Factor Analysis, "Lee, C. H.", Bank of Korea Economic Research Institute, ~ (2015)
- Montero, M., "Inequity Aversion May Increase Inequity", The Economic Journal, 117(519), pp.192~204 (2007)
- Northcott, H. C., "Public Perceptions of the Population Aging 'Crisis'", Canadian Public Policy, 20(1), pp.66~77 (1994)
- "OECD" (2019)[URL]
- Osberg, L, "Work and Well-Being in an Aging Society", Canadian Public Policy, 31(4), pp.413~420 (2005)
- Palmer, L. J., "The Economic Consequences of an Aging Society", The Aging Society, 115(1), pp.295~323 (1986)
- Causes and Characteristics of Aging, "Park, K. H.", Bank of Korea Economic Research Institute, ~ (2017)
- Riley, W. M., "The Aging Society: Problems and Prospects", Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 132(2), pp.148~153 (1988)
- Scheer, K. L., "Reactions to Perceived Inequity in U.S. and Dutch Interorganizational Relationships", The Academy of Management Journal, 46(3), pp.303~316 (2003)
- Sen, K. A., "From Income Inequality to Economic Inequality", Southern Economic Journal, 64(2), pp.383~401 (1997)
- Shelly, B. A., "Reactions to Inequity III : Inequity and Social Influence", Acta Sociologica, 14(4), pp.236~244 (1971)
- 신광영, "Why Does Inequality in South Korea Continue to Rise?", 한국사회학, 48(6), pp.31~48 (2014), 한국사회학회
- Siemens, A. F., "Heterogeneous Social Preferences, Screening, and Employment Contracts", Oxford Economic Papers, 63(3), pp.499~522 (2011)
- "Socio-Economic Inequalities in the Prevalence of Poor Self-Rated Health among Older Adults in India from 2004 to 2014: a decomposition analysis" (2020)[URL]
- Zhong, H., "The Impact of Population Aging on Income Inequality in Developing Countries : Evidence from Rural China", China Economic Review, 22(1), pp.98~107 (2011)