인조잔디에서 크로스 커팅시 10대 후반 축구선수의 성별이 ACL 손상위험요인에 미치는 영향
Gender Differences in Lower Limbs Kinematics and Kinetics During Cross Cutting Maneuver
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초록
비접촉 무릎 부상의 대부분은 축구, 미식축구와 같은 스포츠 활동 시 급격한 착지, 방향 전환, 커팅 동작상황 등에서 일어나며, 남성보다 여성에게 빈번하게 발생한다. 이 연구의 목적은 10대 후반의 청소년기 전문축구선수들의 크로스 커팅 동작의 초기 착지구간에서 성별 차이에 따라 ACL 손상위험요인에 미치는 영향을알아보고자 하는데 있다. 남성과 여성 총 20명을 대상으로 하여 3차원 동작분석 시스템과 지면반력기를 활용하였으며 피험자들은 제자리에서 헤딩 점프를 실시한 후 크로스 커팅을 하도록 하였다. 성별의 차이를 조사하기 위하여 독립 t 검정을 실시하였다. 이 연구 결과 인조잔디 환경에서 초기 착지구간 시 여성 축구 선수들은남성 선수들과 비교하여 높은 무릎 외회전 각도를 보였다. 하지만 그 이외에는 다른 운동학적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 운동역학적 변인에 있어, 성별은 고관절 외회전 모멘트, 무릎관절 신전모멘트, 외전 모멘트에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 여성 선수들은 좌우지면반력에 있어 높은 힘값을 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 인조잔디 상황에서 크로스 커팅 시 초기 착지구간에 있어 생체역학적 변인들이 차이가있는 것으로 조사되었으며, 또한 여성 선수들이 ACL 손상위험율이 높은 원인에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히는데도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
Most non-contact knee injuries occur during dynamic landing, turning and cutting activities such as soccer and football. These injuries are also more frequent on artificial turf. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gender difference on lower extremity biomechanics during early phase stance phase of cross cutting task in artificial turf in adolescent soccer players. Three-dimensional kinematics, ground reaction forces were recorded during the early deceleration phase of cross cutting after jump heading in 20 collegiate soccer players. Gender differences in hip and knee joint kinematics,kinetics were evaluated with one-tailed t-tests. No differences in kinematics were found. However, female soccer players demonstrated a greater knee external rotation angle during early deceleration on the artificial turf. Differences of genders investigated in hip rotation moment, knee flexion moment and knee adduction moment. Also, females displayed greater lateral-medial peak ground reaction force than male. These results indicate that there are gender differences during cross cutting task on artificial turf. It might be widen to understand the prevalence of ACL injury rate in female athletes.
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