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지역사회 공공운동시설의 주관적, 객관적 접근성(거리 및 수량)과 신체활동 참여 수준간의 관계

Relationship Between Accessibility of Public Exercise Facilities and Physical Activity Participation of Residents in Metropolitan City

이용수|이대택|유지곤|이삼준|김명화
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2014.03|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제25권 제1호|pp. 10-20|DOI 10.24985/kjss.2014.25.1.10

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키워드

접근성Accessibility지역사회Community신체활동Physical Activity공공운동시설Public Exercise Facilities
주제분류체육

초록

본 연구는 대도시 주거지역 공공운동시설에 대한 접근성을 측정하고, 시민의 신체활동 참여에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 대상자는 19세~70세 미만으로 해당지역 보건소 내 대사증후군관리센터를 자발적으로 방문하여 비만 클리닉 프로그램에 등록한 주민 639명중 신체활동량 질문지를 작성한 92명으로 하였다. 연구대상자의 신체활동 수준과 공공운동시설 접근성 그리고 접근성 차이와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 ‘객관적 거리’와 ‘고강도신체활동량(r=.209)’, ‘총신체활동량(r=.206)’ 간에 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. ‘인지거리’와 ‘고강도신체활동량’ 간에도 유의한 상관관계(r=.235)가 있는 것으로 나타났다. ‘소요시간’과 ‘고강도신체활동참여시간(r=.239)’, ‘고강도신체활동량(r=.306)’, ‘총신체활동량(r=.273)’ 간에 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. 반면 객관적 거리와 인지적 거리의 차이인 ‘거리차이’와 중등도 신체활동 참여시간간에는 역상관(r=-.221)이 나타났다. 공공운동시설에 대한 인지수량이 총신체활동참여수준에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(R2=.153, p=.046). 본 연구 결과 공공운동시설에 대한 객관적 접근성 보다는 주관적 접근성이 신체활동 참여에 더 많은 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났으나 추후 다양한 대상자와 환경 변인을 포함한 후속연구가 필요하리라 판단된다.

Abstract

This study measured the accessibility of public exercise facilities within a residental area of a metropolitan community and examined how the accessibility can affect physical activity participation of residents. Initially, a total of 639 residents, who were aged between 19-70, visited Metabolic Syndrome Management Center of the Community Public Health Center, and registered for a Obesity Clinic Program, was listed as potential subjects. And those who responded to Physical Activity Questionnaire were selected for the analyses (n=92, 14.3% of 639). The relationships between physical activity level and accessibility to public exercise facilities were analyzed. Objective distance to public facility was related to ‘volume of participation to vigorous physical activity(r=.209)’, 'total volume of participation to physical activity(r=.206)’. And perceived distance to public facility was related to ‘volume of participation to vigorous-intensity physical activity(r=.235)’. perceived transport time to public facility was related to ‘duration of participation to vigorous-intensity physical activity(r=.239)’, ’volume of participation to vigorous-intensity physical activity(r=.306)’, and ‘volume of participation to total physical activity(r=.273)’. In contrast, the difference between objective distance to public facility and perceived subjective distance to the facility was negatively related to ‘duration of participation to moderate-intensity physical activity(r=-.221)’. The perceived numbers of public facility was positively related to ‘frequency of participation to vigorous-intensity physical activity(r=.237)’, ‘frequency of participation to walking(r=.273)’, ‘volume of participation to walking(r=.251)’ and 'total volume of participation to physical activity(r=.252)’. The predictor of 'total volume of participation to physical activity was perceived numbers of public facility(R2=.153, p=.046). The results revealed that the subjective accessibility to public health facilities was more influential to physical activity participation than the objective accessibility. Further research was warranted while using diverse populations as well as considering a inclusion of environmental factors.

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