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10주간의 유산소운동이 노인 여성의 심혈관기능, 동맥경직도 간접지표 및 혈관내피세포기능에 미치는 영향

Effects of 10 weeks of aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular function, atherosclerosis, and vascular endothelial function in elderly women

김경애|이만균|이병선
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2017.06|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제28권 제2호|pp. 300-314|DOI 10.24985/kjss.2017.28.2.300

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참고문헌

키워드

cardiovascular function유산소운동aerobic exerciseFMD공복혈당장애impaired fasting glucose심혈관기능혈관내피세포기능vascular endothelial functionflow-mediated dilation.
주제분류체육

초록

[목적] 이 연구에서는 공복혈당장애 기준(125 ㎎·㎗-1) 이하의 노인 여성을 대상으로 10주간의 유산소운동이 신체구성, 심혈관기능, 동맥경직도 간접지표, 그리고 혈관내피세포기능에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. [방법] 운동집단의 대상자 9명은 10주간 주 3회, 20~40분간, HRR의 30~50%로 유산소운동 프로그램에 참여하였고, 통제집단의 대상자 11명은 동일한 처치 기간 동안 평소 생활습관을 그대로 유지하도록 하였다. [결과] 이 연구에서 얻은 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 신체구성과 관련하여 체중, 제지방량, 체지방량, 체지방률, 그리고 BMI에서 집단의 주효과, 검사의 주효과, 그리고 집단과 검사의 상호작용이 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 2) 심혈관기능과 관련하여 HR, SV, CO, TPR, SBP, DBP, MAP, PP, 그리고 RPP에서 집단의 주효과, 검사의 주효과, 그리고 집단과 검사의 상호작용이 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 TPR의 경우 집단과 검사의 상호작용이 유의한 수준에 가깝게 나타났으며(P=.054), TPR이 운동집단에서 감소되는 경향(20.22% 감소)을 보였다. 3) 동맥경직도와 관련된 염증 지표인 hs-CRP에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 운동집단에서 개선되는 경향을 보였다. 동맥경직도의 간접지표인 TC/HDL-C 비율, TG/HDL-C 비율, 그리고 LDL-C/HDL-C 비율에서 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 4) 혈관내피세포기능과 관련하여 안정 시 혈관직경, 안정 시 혈류량, 혈관 이완 시 혈관직경, 그리고 혈관 이완 시 혈류량에서 집단의 주효과, 검사의 주효과, 그리고 집단과 검사의 상호작용이 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 % FMD에서는 집단의 주효과, 검사의 주효과, 그리고 집단과 검사의 상호작용이 유의하게 나타났으며, % FMD가 운동집단에서 유의하게(P<.01) 증가되었다. 혈중 NO는 두 집단 모두에서 통계적으로 유의하게 변화되지 않았으나, 운동집단에서 증가되는 경향이 나타났다. [결론]이상의 결과를 종합하면, 10주간 실시한 유산소운동이 노인 여성의 혈관내피세포기능 개선에 효과적이었다고 결론지을 수 있으며, 이는 TPR과 혈중 NO의 개선에 일부 기인하여 나타난 것이라고 해석된다. 이 연구를 통하여 당뇨 전단계부터 저하되는 혈관내피세포기능이 규칙적인 운동을 통하여 회복될 수 있다는 것이 밝혀졌으며, 따라서 당뇨 전단계부터 꾸준한 운동을 실천하는 것이 중요하다.

Abstract

[Purpose]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 10-week aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular function, atherosclerosis, and vascular endothelial function in elderly women. [Methods] Twenty impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and normoglycemic elderly women volunteered to participate in the study. The participants in aerobic exercise training group (TR: n=9) completed 20-40 minutes of aerobic exercise program at 30-50% HRR for 3 times per week during 10 weeks. The participants in control group (CON: n=11) were asked to maintain their normal life pattern during the same intervention period. [Results] Main results of the study were as follows: 1) There were no significant main effect or interaction in body weight, fat-free mass, fat mass, percent body fat, and body mass index. 2) There were no significant main effect or interaction in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance (TPR), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, pulse pressure, and rate pressure product. However, interaction between group and test in TPR was close to statistically significant level (P =.054), and it tended to be decreased in TR group. 3) There was a significant main effect of test in high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), it tended to be decreased in TR group. There were no significant changes in total cholesterol(TC)/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride/HDL-C ratio, and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. 4) There were significant main effect of group, main effect of test, as well as interaction between group and test in % flow mediated dilation(FMD), and it increased significantly (P<.01) in TR group. Nitric oxide tended to be increased in TR group, even though it did not change significantly in both groups. [Conclusions] It was concluded that the 10-week aerobic exercise training would be beneficial for improvement of vascular endothelial function, resulting from the decrement of total peripheral resistance.

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