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과제의 정확성 제약과 감각정보의 왜곡이 연속적인 움직임 수행에 미치는 영향

Effects of sensory information distortion by muscle vibration on continuous limb movement in aging and accuracy constraint

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[목적] 이 연구는 노인과 성인들을 대상으로 과제의 정확성 제약과 진동자극을 통한 감각정보의 왜곡이 연속적인 조준 움직임 수행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 실험을 수행하였다. [방법] 성인집단(11명)과 노인집단(11명)으로 구분하여, 3가지의 정확성 제약을 지닌 Fitts 과제를 수행하게 하였으며, 과제의 정확성 제약에 따라 진동자극을 처치한 후 동일 과제를 재차 수행하게 하였다. Fitts 과제를 수행하는 동안 감각왜곡을 유발하기 위한 진동자극을 상완 부분에 가하였다. 과제의 정확성 제약에 따라 진동자극 처치 전과 후의 움직임 시간과 움직임 오차 빈도를 측정하였다. [결과] 연구결과 첫째, 과제의 정확성 제약이 높은 과제를 수행 할 때, 진동자극 후 움직임 시간이 증가하였으며, 움직임 시간은 성인에 비해 노인들에게서 길었다(p<.01). 둘째, 움직임 오차 빈도는 진동자극 전 보다 후에 더 많이 발생하였으며, 움직임 오차 빈도는 과제의 정확성이 높을 때 노인들에게서 더 많이 발생했다(p<.05). [결론] 이 연구의 결과는 연속적인 조준 움직임을 수행할 때, 진동자극을 통한 감각왜곡은 감각정보의 해석과 통합을 방해하여, 움직임 계획과 조정에 부정적으로 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 과제의 정확성 제약에 따라 이러한 차이가 더 크다는 것을 시사한다. 또한 노인들에게서 감각정보의 왜곡이 더욱 크게 나타나면서 노화가 감각기능의 저하를 야기한다는 것을 입증하였다.

Abstract

[Purpose] The present study was to investigate to extent that effects of sensory information distortion by muscle vibration on continuous limb movement in aging and accuracy constraint. [Methods] Young adult group (n=11) and older adult group (n=11) were divided. All participant were instructed to perform repetitive aiming movement to specified targets under three-accuracy constraints (i.e., low, high, and mixed accuracy constraints) in the vibration and no-vibration conditions. Kinematic data was collected by movement time and movement error frequence. [Results] The results showed that compared with young adult, older adult increased movement time when accuracy constraint was high under vibration condition. Older adult also was a high degree of movement errors than young adults when accuracy constraint was high under vibration condition. [Conclusion] The muscle vibration stimulation may influence considerably on the continuous limb movement probably due to degeneration in sensory information processing by aging.

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