이중 과제 수행이 계단 오르기 시 보행 수행 능력에 미치는 영향
The effects of dual-task on gait performance during stair ascending
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[목적] 이 연구는 20대 건강한 성인 남성을 대상으로 1층부터 7층까지 휴대폰 사용 여부에 따라 보행의 패턴 변화 및 근육의 반응이 각 층마다 어떻게 나타나는지를 비교하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 건강한 남학생(Age: 27±1.8 yrs, Weight: 65.8±9.9kg)을 대상으로 휴대폰 사용 유무에 따라 계단 올라가기를 실시하여 각 층마다 분석을 실시하였다. 수행 시간의 경우 근전도의 경우 대퇴직근, 대퇴이두근, 전경골근, 내측 비복근에 부착을 하여 적분 근전도와 동시수축을 계산하였고, 발뒤꿈치에 붙인 가속도계를 이용하여 보행 시간을, 검상돌기에 붙은 가속도계를 이용하여 보행 패턴을 분석하였다. 모든 분석은 spss 21.0을 사용하여 one way repeated measure ANOVA와 post hoc은 LSD를 실시하였고, 이중과제 유무에 따른 비교는 독립 표본 t-test를 사용하였다. [결과] 측정 결과 이중 과제 수행 시에 이중 과제를 수행하지 않았을 때보다 더 수행 시간이 길게 나타났고, 근 활성도는 더 작게 나타났으며, 동시 수축 지수는 더 크게 나타났다. 또한 근사 엔트로피는 이중 과제를 수행하지 않았을 때 모든 방향에서 차이가 나타난 거와 달리 이중 과제 수행 시 오직 좌우 방향에서만 차이가 나타났다. [결론] 일상생활에서 자주 사용하는 계단에서 많은 위험 요소가 내재되어 있기 때문에 향후 낙상 예방을 위한 많은 노력을 해야할 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of gait patterns and muscle activations according to dual tasks during stair ascending. [Methods] Twelve sedentary young male adults(Age: 27.0±1.8 yrs, Weight: 65.8±9.9 kg) without any lower extremity injuries participated in the study. Participants performed stair walking up 7 floors and their ascending motion on each floor was analyzed according to dual tasks. A wireless electromyography (EMG) were attached on the Rectus Femoris(RF), Biceps Femoris(BF), Gastrocnemius(GN), Tibialis Anterior(TA) muscle to calculate integrated EMG(iEMG) and co-contraction index(CI). Chest and left heel accelerometer signal were recorded by wireless accelerometer and those were used to calculate approximate entropy(ApEn) for analyzing gait pattern. All analyses were performed with SPSS 21.0 and for repeated measured ANOVA and Post-hoc was LSD. [Results] The results of this study indicated that dual task appeared to increase their time, CI and there were a statistically significant difference in most muscle on each floors compared to the non dual tasks. Also, ApEn were a statistically significant difference in only left and right direction than non dual task. Subjects showed more irregular pattern and instability muscle activation response during dual tasks. [Conclusion] Because there are many dangers often use of stairs in everyday life, in the future, we have to make a lot of efforts to prevent fall.
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