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20대 여성의 BMI와 체지방률에 따른 체력, 대사증후군 위험요인 및 기초대사량의 비교 분석

Comparition of physical fitness, metabolic syndrome risk factors, and resting metabolic rate according to body mass index and percent body fat in 20s females

조현석|이만균|최창규
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2018.09|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제29권 제3호|pp. 416-429|DOI 10.24985/kjss.2018.29.3.416

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참고문헌

키워드

비만대사증후군ObesityMetabolic syndromePhysical fitness체력RMR기초대사량마른비만Normal weight obesity
주제분류체육

초록

[목적] 마른비만(normal weight obesity: NWO)은 체질량지수(body mass index: BMI)가 정상이지만 체지방률이 높은 비만으로서, 주로 20대 여성에게서 나타나며 다양한 질환의 위험요소를 내포하고 있지만, 마른비만의 체력과 대사적 특성을 기초대사량(resting metabolic rate: RMR)까지 포함하여 규명한 연구가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구의 목적은 20대 여성의 BMI와 체지방률에 따라 체력, 대사증후군 위험요인, 그리고 RMR을 비교ㆍ분석하는 것이었다. [방법] 이 연구의 대상자는 20대 여성 51명으로서 BMI와 체지방률에 따라 정상집단(Normal; n=18), 마른비만집단(NWO; n=18), 그리고 일반비만집단(Obesity; n=15)의 세 집단으로 구성하였고, 각 집단 간에 체력, 대사증후군 위험요인, 그리고 RMR을 비교하였다. [결과] 이 연구에서 얻은 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 체력은 세 집단 간에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2) 1-RM과 관련하여, Normal과 NWO의 arm curl 및 leg extension이 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 낮았으며, Normal의 leg press가 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 낮았다. 3) 대사증후군 위험요인과 관련하여, 허리둘레는 세 집단 간에 모두 유의한 차이가 있었으며, Normal, NWO, 그리고 Obesity 순으로 낮게 나타났다. Normal과 NWO의 SBP 및 DBP가 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 낮았으며, Normal의 HDL-C가 NWO와 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. 4) RMR과 관련하여, RMR의 절대값을 평가한 VO2(㎖·min-1), RMR(Kcal·min-1), RMR(KJ·min-1), 그리고 RMR(Kcal·day-1)의 경우 Normal이 NWO와 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 낮았다. 반면, RMR의 상대값을 평가한 RMR(KJ·kg-1FW·h-1)의 경우 Normal이 NWO와 Obesity에 비하여 유의하게 높았다. [결론] 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 20대 여성 일반비만자의 경우 체력에는 문제가 없지만 대사증후군 위험도가 높고 제지방량당 RMR이 낮아 대사율이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 마른비만자도 일반비만자와 유사한 문제점을 보였다고 결론지을 수 있다. 마른비만자는 외형상 문제가 없어 보이지만 20대부터 대사증후군의 발병과 대사율의 감소가 나타날 가능성이 크므로 20대부터 적절한 신체활동과 식이조절을 통한 적극적인 건강관리가 요청된다.

Abstract

[Purpose] The present study compared physical fitness, metabolic syndrome risk factors, and resting metabolic rate (RMR) according to body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF) in 20s females. [Methods] Fifty-one women in their 20s were recruited and assigned into three groups, i.e., normal group (n=18), normal weight obesity (NWO) group (n=18), and obesity group (n=15) according to BMI and %BF. Physical fitness, metabolic syndrome risk factors, and RMR were measured and compared among three groups. [Results] Main results were as follows: 1) Physical fitness were not significantly different among three groups. 2) Regarding 1-RM, arm curl and leg extension were significantly lower in normal group and NWO group than obesity group. Leg press was significantly lower in normal group than obesity group. 3) Regarding metabolic syndrome risk factors, there were significant differences in waist circumference, ordering from low to high such as normal, NWO, and obesity groups. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in normal group and NWO group than obesity group, while HDL-C was significantly higher in normal group than NWO group and obesity group. 4) Regarding RMR, absolute values of RMR such as VO2(㎖·min-1), RMR (Kcal·min-1), RMR (KJ·min-1), and RMR (Kcal·day-1) were significantly lower in normal group and NWO group than obesity group. On the other hand, relative value of RMR such as RMR (KJ·kg-1FW·h-1) was significantly higher in normal group than NWO group and obesity group. [Conclusions] It was concluded that obese women showed increased risk of metabolic syndrome and low relative RMR level, and NWO had similar problems. Active health management through physical activity and dietary control should be committed to NWO individuals because the NWO has possibility of high risk of metabolic syndrome and reduction of metabolic rate from 20s even though there was no problem in their external appearance.

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