투구 시 보폭에 따른 공의 구속과 운동학적, 운동역학적 차이
Ball Speed and Kinematic, Kinetic Differences According to Stride Length During Pitching
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초록
[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 보폭에 따른 공의 구속과 운동학적, 운동역학적 차이를 분석하는 것이다. [방법] 총 40명의 연구대상자가 모집되었다. 연구대상자는 보폭에 따라 보폭이 넓은 집단(overstride, OS)과 보폭이 좁은 집단(understride, US)으로 나눠 실험을 진행하였다. 집단 간 골반, 몸통의 운동학적 변인과 지면반력, 투구 시점에 따른 차이를 분석하기 위해 독립표본 t -검정을 수행하였다. [결과] 축발 충격량, 골반 닫힘각, 몸통 닫힘각, 골반 각속도는 보폭에 따른 집단 간 유의미한 차이가 나타났다(p <.05). 또 한 각 투구 시점인 stride foot contact(SFC)과 maximal external rotation(MER), ball release(BR)에서 OS가 US보다 통계적으로 더 늦은 투구 시점을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다(p <.05). [결론] 축발의 극대화된 충격량이 넓은 보폭을 만들어 골반과 몸통의 열림 각을 크게 만들 수 있으며, OS가 US보다 더 늦 은 투구 시점을 타나내는 특성이 있었다. 하지만 보폭에 따른 집단 간 공의 구속에서 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았기 때 문에, 보폭의 공의 구속에 직접적으로 기여하지 않을 가능성이 있으며, 추후 연구에서는 개인의 유연성과 신체적 특징을 고 려한 개별적인 특성에 맞는 최적화된 보폭을 찾는 방법에 대한 고찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzed differences in ball speed and kinematic, kinetic characteristics according to stride length. METHODS Forty participants recruited for the study were divided into two groups based on stride length: an over stride group (overstride, OS) and an under stride group (understride, US). Independent sample t -tests were conducted to analyze differences in pelvis and trunk kinematics, ground reaction forces (GRF), and timing of pitch between groups. RESULTS Significant differences were found between groups in drive leg GRF impulse, pelvis, trunk closed angle and pelvic angular velocity (p <.05). Furthermore, the OS had statistically later pitching timings than the US at stride foot contact, maximal external rotation, and ball release phases (p <.05). CONCLUSIONS The maximized drive leg GRF impulse created a wider stride, significantly increasing the pelvis and trunk’s opening angles. Additionally, the OS displayed characteristics of later pitching timings compared to the US. However, since no significant differences in ball speed were observed between groups based on stride length, perhaps stride length does not contribute directly to ball speed. Future research should investigate optimal stride length tailored to individual flexibility and physical characteristics.
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