1993–2018년 한반도 연안 상대해수면 수지 분석
A Process-based Relative Sea-level Budget Along the Coast of Korean Peninsula Over 1993–2018
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초록
Due to physical processes varying in space and time, regional sea-level rise (SLR) significantly deviates from the global mean. Thus, understanding and quantifying the contribution of each process to regional sea-level change is crucial to prevent low-lying inundation in preparation for future ocean conditions. In this study, we assessed to what degree sterodynamic (SD) effects (i.e., density-driven steric expansion and mass redistribution due to ocean circulation), contemporary mass redistribution (CMR), and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) contribute relative sea-level rise around the Korean coast from 1993 to 2018, with independent observations and reanalysis datasets. The assessment showed that the tide gauge-observed SLR trend can be explained by the sum of each component at 16 of 19 locations. The major contributors to relative SLR are SD effects of 2.03±0.27 mm/yr and CMR components of 1.31±0.05 mm/yr, while GIA drives sea-level decreasing of -0.27±0.15 mm/yr on the Korean coast. It was also found that the spatial deviations of SLR are primarily caused by the SD effects. In addition, the evaluation of vertical land motion (VLM) based on altimetry and tide gauge indicates that most tide gauge locations have experienced uplift during at least altimetry period, whereas Wido station has experienced particularly high rate of subsidence that contributed to the SLR acceleration. Further examination of the impact of earth deformation due to CMR, GIA, and local process on the VLM trends demonstrated that the GIA and CMR contribute to land uplift with the average of 0.35±0.15 mm/yr and 0.17±0.05 mm/yr, respectively. On the other hand, the local processes like groundwater depletion and sediment compaction showed a wide range of variability, from -1.61 to 0.58 mm/yr, indicating a significant contribution to regional differences in vertical land motion.
Abstract
Due to physical processes varying in space and time, regional sea-level rise (SLR) significantly deviates from the global mean. Thus, understanding and quantifying the contribution of each process to regional sea-level change is crucial to prevent low-lying inundation in preparation for future ocean conditions. In this study, we assessed to what degree sterodynamic (SD) effects (i.e., density-driven steric expansion and mass redistribution due to ocean circulation), contemporary mass redistribution (CMR), and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) contribute relative sea-level rise around the Korean coast from 1993 to 2018, with independent observations and reanalysis datasets. The assessment showed that the tide gauge-observed SLR trend can be explained by the sum of each component at 16 of 19 locations. The major contributors to relative SLR are SD effects of 2.03±0.27 mm/yr and CMR components of 1.31±0.05 mm/yr, while GIA drives sea-level decreasing of -0.27±0.15 mm/yr on the Korean coast. It was also found that the spatial deviations of SLR are primarily caused by the SD effects. In addition, the evaluation of vertical land motion (VLM) based on altimetry and tide gauge indicates that most tide gauge locations have experienced uplift during at least altimetry period, whereas Wido station has experienced particularly high rate of subsidence that contributed to the SLR acceleration. Further examination of the impact of earth deformation due to CMR, GIA, and local process on the VLM trends demonstrated that the GIA and CMR contribute to land uplift with the average of 0.35±0.15 mm/yr and 0.17±0.05 mm/yr, respectively. On the other hand, the local processes like groundwater depletion and sediment compaction showed a wide range of variability, from -1.61 to 0.58 mm/yr, indicating a significant contribution to regional differences in vertical land motion.
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