Shifting Soviet Attitudes towards Collective Security and Its Impact on the Korean War
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This present study provides a historical grounding for understanding the nexus between the Korean War (1950-1953) and the Soviet Union’s complex relationship with the United Nations (UN). Its focus is on the normative foundations of the principle of collective security in the high-stakes politics of the twentieth century. The Korean War marked the first major test of the nascent UN’s capacity to act as a military unit in enforcing its Charter. This paper plugs into an ongoing discussion among diplomatic historians regarding the inherent tension between the theory and praxis of Moscow’s puritanical allegiance to the principle of collective security. Drawing on an analysis of Marxist doctrines of war and peace and its contending dynamics, it argues against the prevailing assumption that Moscow’s allegiance to the principle of collective security was tenuous. Instead it contends that Moscow’s shifting attitude towards the UN was the outcome of a poorly conceived strategic realignment from the incapacity of the League of Nations to the institutional challenges posed by the Korea question. It concludes by explaining how the Korean War marked one of the rare moments of the triumph of the principle of collective security in the postwar international order and how it served to reinvigorate Moscow’s resolve to engage with the multilateral process.
Abstract
This present study provides a historical grounding for understanding the nexus between the Korean War (1950-1953) and the Soviet Union’s complex relationship with the United Nations (UN). Its focus is on the normative foundations of the principle of collective security in the high-stakes politics of the twentieth century. The Korean War marked the first major test of the nascent UN’s capacity to act as a military unit in enforcing its Charter. This paper plugs into an ongoing discussion among diplomatic historians regarding the inherent tension between the theory and praxis of Moscow’s puritanical allegiance to the principle of collective security. Drawing on an analysis of Marxist doctrines of war and peace and its contending dynamics, it argues against the prevailing assumption that Moscow’s allegiance to the principle of collective security was tenuous. Instead it contends that Moscow’s shifting attitude towards the UN was the outcome of a poorly conceived strategic realignment from the incapacity of the League of Nations to the institutional challenges posed by the Korea question. It concludes by explaining how the Korean War marked one of the rare moments of the triumph of the principle of collective security in the postwar international order and how it served to reinvigorate Moscow’s resolve to engage with the multilateral process.
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