Analysis of Stormwater Runoff Reduction Effect Through Applying Low Impact Development Practices in a Flood Prone Area: Case of Incheon, South Korea
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Flood damages are continuously growing in urban areas due to the increase of impervious surfaces and the occurrence of extreme rainfalls caused by climate change. While traditional drainage systems are still effective in controlling stormwater runoffs, they are inefficient in terms of costs and performance since they are only used for stormwater management. Low impact development (LID) practices, a comprehensive soft-engineering approach, provides multiple benefits in diverse aspects, and has been recently adopted as a key concept for sustainable stormwater management in many countries. By using the LIDMOD3 modelling tool, the present study simulates the hydrologic performance of LID practices in three different scenarios and explores the cost effectiveness of LID measures compared to the conventional sewer pipeline infrastructures. A flood-prone area in Bupyeong borough, Incheon, South Korea, was selected as the study site. The findings show that the district’s total runoff volume and peak flow are reduced by 14-36% and 33-66%, respectively, in comparison with conditions without LID installation. Non-point source pollutant loads diminish by 15-36%, depending on the LID designed scenarios. Upon the consideration of construction costs, the results indicate that LID practices can be more efficient when they are partially developed rather than when various LID practices are applied to an entire area. The study concludes by suggesting policy implications as to how government agencies and local jurisdictions can more effectively adopt LID practices as part of sustainable stormwater management planning and link with future urban regeneration projects.
Abstract
Flood damages are continuously growing in urban areas due to the increase of impervious surfaces and the occurrence of extreme rainfalls caused by climate change. While traditional drainage systems are still effective in controlling stormwater runoffs, they are inefficient in terms of costs and performance since they are only used for stormwater management. Low impact development (LID) practices, a comprehensive soft-engineering approach, provides multiple benefits in diverse aspects, and has been recently adopted as a key concept for sustainable stormwater management in many countries. By using the LIDMOD3 modelling tool, the present study simulates the hydrologic performance of LID practices in three different scenarios and explores the cost effectiveness of LID measures compared to the conventional sewer pipeline infrastructures. A flood-prone area in Bupyeong borough, Incheon, South Korea, was selected as the study site. The findings show that the district’s total runoff volume and peak flow are reduced by 14-36% and 33-66%, respectively, in comparison with conditions without LID installation. Non-point source pollutant loads diminish by 15-36%, depending on the LID designed scenarios. Upon the consideration of construction costs, the results indicate that LID practices can be more efficient when they are partially developed rather than when various LID practices are applied to an entire area. The study concludes by suggesting policy implications as to how government agencies and local jurisdictions can more effectively adopt LID practices as part of sustainable stormwater management planning and link with future urban regeneration projects.
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