글쓰기 부정행위에 관한 처벌 규정과 사례－미국 대학들을 중심으로－
Punishment Procedure and Penalties of Plagiarism in American Colleges and Universities
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초록
전문가들로 이루어진 여러 소사회 혹은 다양한 학문 분야로 형성된 미국의 대학들은 여러 가지 방법을 통해서 미래에 자신의 꿈을 펼치려하는 학생들이 글쓰기 부정행위를 저지르지 않도록 계몽을 하고 있으며, 부정행위 발생 시에는 이를엄격히 다루고 있다. 미국 전역에 있는 수많은 대학과 대학교들이 제정해놓은 표절에 대한 처벌 조항들을 살핀 후 이들에 대해 일반화하여 설명하는 일은 쉽지않다. 각 학교가 나름대로 자신들의 교육관과 학교 운영 방침에 근거하여 스스로판단하여 표절의 정도에 맞게 처벌규칙을 정하여 이들 조항들은 다양성을 띠고있기 때문이다. 대부분의 미국 대학생들은 중 고등학교 시절부터 표절(plagiarism)에 관해 학교와 선생들로부터 자주 교육을 받아 이 행위가 범법이라는 것과 이에 대한 처벌이엄중하다는 것을 알고 있다. 그럼에도 인터넷 시대의 도래와 발달은 학생들이 더쉽게 그리고 더 교묘하고 정도가 심한 표절을 양심의 가책이 없이 저지를 수 있는 분위기를 마련해주고 있다. 학생들의 글쓰기 표절에 관한한 교수는 공정한 심판의 역할을 해야 한다. 글쓰기의 부정행위를 밝혀내는 일은 정직하게 그리고 열심히 공부하고 노력하는 학생들에게 그들이 투자한 시간과 노력에 상응하는 점수를 주고, 공평하게 기회를 주는 정의로운 사회 분위기를 만들어가는 첫 발걸음에 해당한다.
Abstract
This paper introduces how American colleges and universities runtheir rules and regulations on students’ plagiarism. Detecting studentplagiarism is an on-going battle between students and professors. Some colleges and universities have ‘Honor Codes’ that studentsshould not violate without any surveillance from the school. Most ofthe schools firmly announce to the students that plagiarism is anacademic dishonesty, which will be severely punished in case theyhappen to commit it. The schools also delineate the types of plagiarism,procedure of hearing, and subsequent penalties in various ways, whichthe students can easily access to read. As penalties, the consequencesof plagiarism, are severe, professors continuously educate their studentsnot to commit plagiarism, when the students write, in the coursesyllabus, during class, and even in the writing assignments. However, once plagiarism is committed, investigation, hearing, andpenalties follow. And punishing plagiarism takes the similar procedureof a law court. If a suspicious student is caught for plagiarism inhis/her writing by his/her professor, its case will be first investigatedthoroughly usually by the Associate Dean of Students Affairs. Whens/he appeals against the professor’s report, a hearing for the case willbe open in front of the judicial affairs committee that consists of students,professors, and staffs. After the hearing, the committee have a closedmeeting in which they vote for their decision on the appropriatepenalty such as formal warning, probation, lowering the grade, disciplinarysanction, suspension, expulsion, and revocation of degree. The American academia knows that the best way for plagiarism isprevention not punishment, which initially depends on the professor’svolition of whether s/he willingly wants to be the guard of the academia. Prevention helps the students to be ‘a thinker’ eventually.
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