본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

Can a summary task be valid writing assessment for lessproficient EFL Students?

1

조회

0

다운로드

5

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

In recent times, integrated reading/writing tasks including summarization have rigorously been incorporated into high-stakes proficiency tests, i.e., iBT TOEFL,TOEIC, TEPS. The present study investigated whether or not summary tasks reflect writing ability rather than reading comprehension of Korean EFL learners with an aim to validate summary tasks as a measure of writing ability and to seek diverse composition tasks more appropriate for EFL learners with low proficiency. A multiplechoice reading comprehension task and an essay task were adopted to assess their reading and writing competence respectively since they are the most common type of assessment. The scores of the three tasks: summary, reading comprehension, and essay were obtained by 50 college students and analyzed through Pearson correlation. The results demonstrated the scores of the summary task are significantly correlated with those of the essay task, while they are little correlated with those of the reading comprehension. Another finding is the degree of relationship between the summary scores and the essay scores is greater within the less proficient group than within the more proficient group. It is concluded that a summary task is valid as a measure of writing competence, particularly for test-takers with low proficiency.

Abstract

In recent times, integrated reading/writing tasks including summarization have rigorously been incorporated into high-stakes proficiency tests, i.e., iBT TOEFL,TOEIC, TEPS. The present study investigated whether or not summary tasks reflect writing ability rather than reading comprehension of Korean EFL learners with an aim to validate summary tasks as a measure of writing ability and to seek diverse composition tasks more appropriate for EFL learners with low proficiency. A multiplechoice reading comprehension task and an essay task were adopted to assess their reading and writing competence respectively since they are the most common type of assessment. The scores of the three tasks: summary, reading comprehension, and essay were obtained by 50 college students and analyzed through Pearson correlation. The results demonstrated the scores of the summary task are significantly correlated with those of the essay task, while they are little correlated with those of the reading comprehension. Another finding is the degree of relationship between the summary scores and the essay scores is greater within the less proficient group than within the more proficient group. It is concluded that a summary task is valid as a measure of writing competence, particularly for test-takers with low proficiency.

참고문헌 (45)

  1. Alderson, J. C, "The testing of reading, In Teaching reading skills in a foreign language", pp.212~228 (1996), Heinemann
  2. Alderson, J. C, "Language test construction and evaluation" (1995), Cambridge University Press
  3. Bachman, L. F, "Fundamental considerations in language testing" (1990), Oxford University Press
  4. Brown, A. L, "Macrorules for summarizing texts: The development of expertise", Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 22(1), pp.1~14 (1983)
  5. Choi, Inn-Chull, "Construct validation of English simulated oral proficiency interview test method facets", Journal of the Applied Linguistics Association of Korea, 16(1), pp.215~246 (2000)
  6. Coffman, G. A, "The influence of question and story variations on sixth graders’ summarization behaviors", Reading Research and Instruction, 34(1), pp.19~38 (1994)
  7. Courchene, R, "Summary cloze: What is it? What does it measure?, In Twenty-five years of second language teaching at the university of Ottawa", pp.305~327 (1995), Second Language Institute, University of Ottawa
  8. Cumming, A, "The testing of second-language writing, In The encyclopedia of language and education: Vol. 7 Language assessment", pp.51~63 (1997), Kluwer
  9. Cumming, A., "Differences in written discourse in independent and integrated prototype tasks for next generation TOEFL", Assessing Writing, 10(1), pp.5~43 (2005)
  10. Scoring TOEFL essays and TOEFL 2000 prototype writing tasks: An investigation into raters’ decision making and development of a preliminary analytic framework (TOEFL monograph series, report no. 22), "Cumming, A.", Educational Testing Service., ~, pp.22 (2001)
  11. Cumming, A, "Decision making while rating ESL", EFL writing tasks: A descriptive framework, 2002, pp.86(1), 67~96
  12. Dalgleish, W. S, "Introductory textbook of English composition: Based on grammatical synthesis, with appendices treating of figures of language and prosody" (1888), A & W Mackinlay
  13. Ellis, R, "Understanding second language acquisition" (1985), Oxford University Press
  14. Fielden, F. J, "A guide to précis-writing" (1950), University Tutorial Press
  15. Head, M. H, "An examination of summary writing as a measure of reading comprehension", Reading Research and Instruction, 28(4), pp.1~11 (1989)
  16. Hidi, S, "Producing written summaries: Task demands, cognitive operations, and implications for instructions", Review of Educational Research, 56, pp.473~493 (1986)
  17. Hidi, S., "The present state of interest research, In The role of interest in learning and developement", pp.433~446 (1992), Lawrence Erlbaum
  18. Hirvela, A, "Connecting reading and writing: In second language writing instruction" (2004), The University of Michigan Press
  19. Huhta, A., "Multiple-choice summary: A measure of text comprehension, In Validation in language testing" (1996), Multilingual Matters
  20. Huot, B, "The literature of direct writing assessment: Major concerns and prevailing trends", Review of Educational Research, 60, pp.237~263 (1990)
  21. Johns, A. M, "Reading for summarizing: An approach to text orientation and processing", Reading in a Foreign Language, 4(2), pp.79~90 (1988)
  22. Johns, A. M, "An analysis of summary protocols of university ESL students", Applied Linguistics, 11(3), pp.253~271 (1990)
  23. 김현진, "Beliefs about Language Teacher Competence and Microteaching in the In-service Teacher Training Program", 현대영어교육, 10(3), pp.42~61 (2009), 현대영어교육학회
  24. Kim, Sung-Ae, "Characteristics of EFL readers’ summary writing: A study with Korean university students", Foreign Language Annals, 34(6), pp.569~581 (2001)
  25. Kintsch, W, "Toward a model of text comprehension and production", Psychological Review, 85, pp.363~394 (1978)
  26. Kirkland, M. R, "Maximizing student performance in summary writing: Managing cognitive load", TESOL Quarterly, 25(1), pp.105~121 (1991)
  27. Kline, R. B, "Principles and practice of structural equation modeling" (2011), Guiford
  28. Kozminsky, E, "First vs second language comprehension: Some evidence from text summarizing", Journal of Research in Reading, 9(1), pp.3~21 (1986)
  29. Langan, J, "Ten steps to advancing college reading skills" (1993), Townsend Press
  30. Langer, J. A, "Examining background knowledge and text comprehension", Reading Research Quarterly, 19(4), pp.468~481 (1984)
  31. McAnulty, S. J, "Paraphrase, summary, précis: Advantages, definitions, models", Teaching English in the Two-year College, 8(1), pp.47~51 (1981)
  32. Lee, J. F, "On the use of the recall task to measure L2 reading comprehension", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 8(2), pp.201~211 (1986)
  33. Purves, A, "Reflections on research and assessment in written composition", Research in the Teaching of English, 26, pp.109~123 (1992)
  34. Raimes, A, "The TOEFL test of written English: Causes for concern", TESOL Quarterly, 24, pp.427~442 (1990)
  35. Rost, M, "Listening in language learning" (1990), Longman
  36. Seidlhofer, B, "Approaches to summarization: Discourse analysis and language education" (1995), Gunter Narr
  37. 심은숙, "Research Trends in Writing Teacher Education", 현대영어교육, 11(1), pp.36~50 (2010), 현대영어교육학회
  38. Taylor, K. K, "The different summary skills of inexperienced and professional writers", Journal of Reading, 27(8), pp.691~699 (1984)
  39. Taylor, K. K, "Summary writing by young children", Reading Research Quarterly, 21(2), pp.193~208 (1986)
  40. Vahapassi, A, "On the specification of the domain of the school writing", valuation in Education: An International Review, 5, pp.265~289 (1982)
  41. Weigle, S. C, "Integrating reading and writing in a competency test for non-native speakers of English", Assessing Writing, 9(1), pp.27~55 (2004)
  42. Williams, J. D, "Preparing to teach writing: Research, theory, and practice" (2003), Lawrence Erlbaum
  43. Winograd, P. N, "Strategic difficulties in summarizing texts", Reading Research Quarterly, 19(4), pp.404~425 (1984)
  44. Wohl, M, "Techniques for writing: Composition" (1978), Newbury
  45. Yu, G, "Reading to summarize in English and Chinese: A tale of two languages", Language Testing, 25(4), pp.521~551 (2008)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (18건)