베르베르 역사 속에 나타난 이슬람 신비주의

Abstract

The propagation of Islam has began by prophet 'Muhammad' in the beginning of 7th century in the Arabian Peninsular. It goes through a Period of Khalifah and spreads out rapidly at the same time. Islamic propagation passed by arabian peninsular only one century and now, it made a barracks city in Tunisia called "Qairawan", with Qairawan as the center, it extended to the Iberian Peninsula passes through Maghrib area. And to the east side, it expanded to Amu Darya River of Central Asia over the Khorasan. At that time, Berber tribes were living in the area of North Africa. At first, Islamic contacts to berbers was unfamiliar. But in the course of history, they started to accept it as their religion. Berbers were defending their identity in close cooperation with Carthago who used to monopolized trade in Mediterranean South-western. New chance was offered to berbers, they took an active part in the Conquest War of Iberian Peninsula and they were able to build the Kingdom of Islam. By medieval, berbers, not arabs, put up the banner in the area of Maghrib and made an ostentatious display of their strength. A series of the berbers dynasty tried to apply the worthy of Islam tighter than Eastern Islamic Area. In this kind of times, Islamic mysticism was handed down from Eastern Islamic Area, it has cut across to the public easily and there is a widespread folk belief until now. This study looked into the natives of berbers history in Maghrib and also how does it changed their life after Islam contacts. Specially, It studied deep into a subject that what is the Sufism which is spread to this area widely and how is the Sufism developed between 'Murabitun dynasty' and 'Muwahidun dynasty'.