제2차 걸프전과 터키의 대미, 대이라크 정책

Abstract

The First Gulf War was launched on January 16 1991, by allied armies under the authority of the United Nations and the leadership of the United States. On February 27, President Bush ordered a cease-fire and the war ended on March 3. The Second Gulf War broke out due to the hot discords between the United States-led coalition and Iraq since the First Gulf War. The most important discord was the activities of WMD(weapons of mass destruction) inspectors. As a result, there have been lingering hostility over from the Gulf War of 1991. Continuation of the unsolved hostility between the US and Iraq led the second Gulf War with the attack of the US-led Coalition forces on March 19, 2003. Directly and indirectly, Turkey entered the Both Gulf Wars on the American's side. After the First Gulf War, Turkey joined the US-led sanction on Iraq to maintain a friendly relationships with America. Although Turkey cooperated with the US, Turkey suffered great economic losses since Iraq was the Turkey's main trading partner. Before the Second Gulf War, Turkey had a pressure from the US to cooperate with them. In this context, Turkey hesitated to offer military base and send soldiers during the second Gulf War. Prior to the outset of the Second Gulf War, Turkey had to take a policy to meet America's offer to cooperate with them. This research starts with the impact on the economy and politics towards Turkey after the First Gulf War and then it will elaborate the issue with the Second Gulf War; America's strategic offer to Turkey and Turkey's policy toward the US and Iraq at the beginning of the Second Gulf War. Lastly, this paper will also examine the Turkey's policy toward Kurds and Turkmens in Iraq.