이라크 사회구조 연구 - 시대별 특성을 중심으로 -

Abstract

There are two versions of foreign invasion in Iraq. The name of the leaders, the militias, the election methods and groupings were changed but Iraqi masses know that their destiny is different from other Arabic streams of democracy movements. How can the Iraqi masses overcome the inside and outside challenges of stubborn dictators and western military intervention? This paper tried to focus on the changes of social structure from the English mandate to the Coalition Provisional Authority. The aim of the paper is to register the patterns of middle classes of the Iraqi social structure through periods because most of the middle class are believed to have left the country or are not settled in where they were. On the basis of my previous outcome about the middle class of Egypt this paper chased the bourgeois, and middle and lower middle class like middle level of religious leaders, petty bourgeois, low civil servants, and professionals in the main cities. Because of the foreign military invasion the tribal structure in the rural area was activated. The Urban social structure is classified by the concept of income, the education, and the social status but the tribal structure is classified by the function and the social status. It is worth of commenting that some tribes have been kept both of Sunni and Shia. Iraqi government has to guarantee in the constitution that all the property of Iraqis is belong to them according to their previous registration. The bad habits of the revenge between the sectarians or among tribes must be prohibited by the law. All the Iraqi refugees in foreign countries have better try to participate in the process of rebuilding the society either by internet or Arabic media not on the basis of confessionals but of mutual cooperation. Korean government also has to give the instructions to the construction companies in order to contribute in the domain of the education and the medical services in peace time and to prepare for safety strategy in emergency. It will at the end attain to the bilateral development besides the economic effects. It is not obvious that the political leaders would compromise the problem of Kirkuk area or indulge in the civil war because of the several factors. This paper suggested the urgent rebuilding of the lower middle class by reason that they contributed for building the healthy industrial structure under the Iraqi system. And they have better work as an engine of growth and the restraint of civil war. The dictatorship of Sadam Husain was a kind of malicious necessary stage to be overcome in the way of process of democracy but the American invasion made Iraq fallen into the transitional or the turmoil stage again. It is only a focus on economic development for the national reconciliation and unity as their healing policy that can provide the Iraqi society with the next stage.