이슬람법으로 바라본 티무르조 왕가의 혼인
Marriage System of Timurid Royal Family from the Islamic Law's Perspective
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This study examines how the marriage system of a nomadic Turkic-Mongolian state was influenced by the culture of the Islamic world, based on the story of Timurid Levirate marriage. Chapter 1 explores the significance of Levirate marriage in the Turkic-Mongolian nomadic regime, traces the historical roots of Levirate marriage in various ancient regimes within the Islamic world, and examines which aspects of Levirate marriage are problematic for Islamic law. I found that Levirate marriage in the Islamic world is problematic in terms of coercion and incest. In Chapter 2, I analyzed the case of Levirate in Timurid royal family, and found that in the Timurid royal family, there's no stepmother marriages, which had been common in the Mongol Empire. Other forms of Levirate marriage were less common than Mongol Empire, and applied to the marriages of princes rather than the marriages of the central monarch. Chapter 3 analyzes the reasons for the conclusions of Chapter 2. By analyzing the political context of Timurid succession, I first pointed out that the disappearance of stepmother marriages and the decline of numbers of levirate marriages in Timurid was not due to the royal family's respect for Islamic law and doctrine, but rather to the establishment of succession principle of the legitimate child, which was present from the beginning of the Timurid period but did not become effective until later period. Those who became monarchs under the principle of succession did not need to ensure their legitimacy through a Levirate marriage. Therefore, Levirate marriage was applied to the marriages of royal princes rather than that of monarchs or successors, and in this case, what replaced Levirate marriage were parallel cousin marriage or marriage to the daughter of a predecessor monarch, that were part of endogamy, a practice shunned by the Turkic-Mongolian nomads but prevalent in the Islamic world. In other words, the Islamization of Timurid royal marriages did not occur through a conscious effort to comply with Islamic law, but rather through the emergence of endogamy practice, a common practice in the Islamic world, as a alternative to the traditional Turkic-Mongolian nomadic practice of Levirate marriage.
Abstract
This study examines how the marriage system of a nomadic Turkic-Mongolian state was influenced by the culture of the Islamic world, based on the story of Timurid Levirate marriage. Chapter 1 explores the significance of Levirate marriage in the Turkic-Mongolian nomadic regime, traces the historical roots of Levirate marriage in various ancient regimes within the Islamic world, and examines which aspects of Levirate marriage are problematic for Islamic law. I found that Levirate marriage in the Islamic world is problematic in terms of coercion and incest. In Chapter 2, I analyzed the case of Levirate in Timurid royal family, and found that in the Timurid royal family, there's no stepmother marriages, which had been common in the Mongol Empire. Other forms of Levirate marriage were less common than Mongol Empire, and applied to the marriages of princes rather than the marriages of the central monarch. Chapter 3 analyzes the reasons for the conclusions of Chapter 2. By analyzing the political context of Timurid succession, I first pointed out that the disappearance of stepmother marriages and the decline of numbers of levirate marriages in Timurid was not due to the royal family's respect for Islamic law and doctrine, but rather to the establishment of succession principle of the legitimate child, which was present from the beginning of the Timurid period but did not become effective until later period. Those who became monarchs under the principle of succession did not need to ensure their legitimacy through a Levirate marriage. Therefore, Levirate marriage was applied to the marriages of royal princes rather than that of monarchs or successors, and in this case, what replaced Levirate marriage were parallel cousin marriage or marriage to the daughter of a predecessor monarch, that were part of endogamy, a practice shunned by the Turkic-Mongolian nomads but prevalent in the Islamic world. In other words, the Islamization of Timurid royal marriages did not occur through a conscious effort to comply with Islamic law, but rather through the emergence of endogamy practice, a common practice in the Islamic world, as a alternative to the traditional Turkic-Mongolian nomadic practice of Levirate marriage.
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