한국 비평의 ‘獨自性’에 대한 試論 －1950年代 批評을 中心으로－
A Thesis on ‘Originality’ of Korean Criticism : Centering around 1950’s Criticism
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1950年代 批評을 고찰함에 있어 本稿가 주목한 점은 이 시기가 모든 價値가 붕괴된 ‘영도(Zero)’의 지점이라는 사실이다. 이 점이 중요한 것은 ‘영도’의 지점이야말로 韓國 批評史에 있어 ‘批評이란 무엇인가’라는 자신의 自明性에 대한 질문이 現實化되기 때문이다.따라서 1950年代 批評은 批評的 主體에 대한 물음과 더불어 비평의 조건에 대한 탐색을 시작한다. 李箱 文學에 대한 고찰을 통해 ‘나르시스’라는 새로운 批評的 主體의 象徵을 형성한다. 또한 文學과 批評의 조건으로서 ‘言語’에 대한 모색을 통해 언어자체에 목적을 두는 非指示的 言語觀을 定礎한다. 이 과정을 통해 1950年代 批評은 스스로에게서 規準을 마련하는 自己目的的인 批評을 정립한다. 이와 같이 1950年代 批評은 그 출발이 비록 ‘영도’에서 비롯되었으나, 自己存在의 근거를 스스로에게서 가늠하는 최초의 가능성의 자리에 놓이게 된다.
Abstract
A Thesis on ‘Originality’ of Korean Criticism : Centering around 1950’s Criticism Sim, Dong-soo Studying 1950’s criticism, the fact that this time was the point of ‘Zero', the period when all value collapsed, is regarded attentively. The reason of importance of this fact, in korean critical history, is question of self evidence－‘what is criticism'－was realized. And the character of 1950's criticism is that the desire of self confirmation was spouted densely more than ever.Therefore it is unquestionable result that Lee, Sang's literature is placed on the beginning point of 1950's criticism and critical subject takes the form of the symbol of ‘Narciss'. In this period, ‘Narciss' meant the loss of self identity and the critical self consciousness doubting about self evidence constantly. Though it began from ‘Zero', through the doubt of self-evidence, 1950's criticism got the position as the first possibility that judges the basis of self-existence from oneself.The severance between self and world is inevitably linked with the question of language. 1950's criticism constructed anti-referential language of which aim is language itself through critique of under- standing language as implement which emphasizes confrontation with thing one to one. The importance of the critical expression is perceived and the research of the creative criticism is deepened. Because a point of contact between works and criticism isn't analyzed only one meaning, the emphasis on the layer of content moves to that of form. But more important fact is the conception of critical identity is made by this. In other words, self purposed criticism which supplies self criterion with itself is made.