閩南語辭典 《廈門音新字典》 중 文白異讀과 古代 中國語 變調構詞의 音義關係 小考 ―變調構詞의 音義關係와 일치되는 용례를 위주로

Abstract

In this study, we investigated how "the Phonetic and semantic analysis" of variant in ancient Chinese words were reflected and transmitted in "the literary and colloquial reading" in the South Min dialect dictionary 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa (TAIWAN) [廈門音新字典]》. In this study, in particular, two types were derived based on whether the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis were matched completely or incompletely, focusing on the cases between "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" and "the literary and colloquial reading" in 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》 coincide. First of all, “讀” and “孫(遜)” preserve "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" of the ancient Chinese words of derivation by tone-change that are completely consistent with "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" in 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》, and "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" are fully transmitted in modern Chinese. In addition, “塞”, “取(娶)”, “厭”, “喪”, and “勞” have a close correspondence with "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" of the ancient Chinese words of derivation by tone-change, but there are semantic differences some literary and colloquial reading. Based on "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis", a comparison of "the errors in the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" between "the literary and colloquial reading" of 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》 and 《A Study on the Polyphony of One Character in Taiwanese South Min Dialect[臺灣閩南語一字多音之研究]》 showed 9 errors in the literary reading and 3 errors in the colloquial reading. As we counted the number of errors in the meanings of 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》 and 《A Study on the Polyphony of One Character in Taiwanese South Min Dialect》, there were 9 errors of the meanings in 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》, 3 errors of the meanings in 《A Study on the Polyphony of One Character in Taiwanese South Min Dialect》. There were four times more errors of the meanings in 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》. These statistics can be said to reflect the difference between the level of literary reading which have reflected the archaic Chinese and the level of colloquial reading which have been continuously transferred into the Min dialect after the ancient Chinese. In this thesis, we mainly looked at examples of the cases in which "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" between "the literary and colloquial reading" of 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》 coincide. Although "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" are generally consistent, there are some cases of inconsistency in "the relation of phonetic and semantic analysis" in the word interpretation of 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》. It can be inferred that the purpose of writing 《A Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Spoken Throughout the Prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chu and Formosa》, compiled by Pastor Campbell of England, was to do missionary work for Taiwanese people and teach the missionaries South Min dialect, so he put more emphasis on the practicality of the dictionary rather than the application of strict lexicographic conventions.