이질적 가계 경제하에서 외부 충격이 조세와 재정정책에 미치는 영향 분석
An Impact of Exogenous Shock on Tax Policy and Fiscal Policy in Heterogeneous Agents Economy
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본 연구는 2 agent 동태확률 일반균형 모형을 이용하여 정상상태의 조세함수와 각 조세의 세율을 도출하였다. 또한 정부소비지출 충격과 실물 충격 발생에 따라 조세 및 이전지출의 변화와 이에 따른 거시경제 변수의 변화를 충격반응함수로 제시하고 분석하였다. 사회후생을 극대화는 정부의 의사결정에 있어 정상상태 세율은 이론적으로 가계의 효용과 거시경제 변수 등이 비선형으로 결합되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 정량분석 결과, 정상상태에서의 자본소득세율은 0으로 나타났다. 정(+)의 정부소비지출(실물) 충격에 따라 자본소득세율은 인하하여 경제 내 자본형성을 촉진하고, 노동소득세율은 인상하고 이전지출은 축소하여 노동소득세 미부담 계층의 노동공급을 증가시킴으로써 노동시장의 외연적 한계 (extensive margin)의 필요성이 확인되었다. 소비세의 경우 각 충격시 인하가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
We utilize a 2-agent DSGE model to derive the steady-state tax functions and tax rates. It also presents the changes in taxes and transfer payments, using impulse response functions in the event of government consumption (real) shock. Qualitatively, tax functions are non-linearly intertwined with household utility, etc. Quantitative analysis reveals that the capital income tax rate is 0. In response to the positive exogenous shocks, the capital income tax rate decreases, while the labor income tax rate increases and transfer payments decrease. As for the consumption tax rate, a reduction was found to be necessary in response to each shock.
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