The enhanced motivation to deception in Machiavellianism and the Validity of the P300-Based Guilty Knowledge Test
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The present study examined whether enhanced motivation for beating deception detection measures in people who score high on the Machiavellianism scale improves the detection efficiency of P300-based GKT. Forty-six participants chose for themselves to be deceptive or honest in a mock crime procedure based on information or feedback they would be given following the result of physiological detection. There were significant group difference in Machiavellianism scores between the guilty group and the honest group, which allowed us to confirm the fact that the people who score high on the Machiavellianism scale have predispositions for duplicity and lying over honesty. After experiencing a mock crime, the P300-based GKT was carried out. An one-way ANOVA revealed that only in guilty group, the P300 amplitude of the crime relevant item (the probe) was significantly higher than that of irrelevant items. However, when we conducted an ANCOVA by designating Machiavellianism as a covariate, this difference between the crime relevant item and the irrelevant items was not observed. This result implies that the increased motivation in manipulative people to cope with the deception measure may have an ironical role of improving the detection efficiency of the P300-based GKT.
Abstract
The present study examined whether enhanced motivation for beating deception detection measures in people who score high on the Machiavellianism scale improves the detection efficiency of P300-based GKT. Forty-six participants chose for themselves to be deceptive or honest in a mock crime procedure based on information or feedback they would be given following the result of physiological detection. There were significant group difference in Machiavellianism scores between the guilty group and the honest group, which allowed us to confirm the fact that the people who score high on the Machiavellianism scale have predispositions for duplicity and lying over honesty. After experiencing a mock crime, the P300-based GKT was carried out. An one-way ANOVA revealed that only in guilty group, the P300 amplitude of the crime relevant item (the probe) was significantly higher than that of irrelevant items. However, when we conducted an ANCOVA by designating Machiavellianism as a covariate, this difference between the crime relevant item and the irrelevant items was not observed. This result implies that the increased motivation in manipulative people to cope with the deception measure may have an ironical role of improving the detection efficiency of the P300-based GKT.
참고문헌 (27)
- Allen, J. J., "A comparison of methods for the analysis of event-related potentials in deception detection", Psychophysiology, 34, pp.234~240 (1997)
- Allen, J. J., "The identification of concealed memories using the event-related potential and implicit behavioral measures : A methodology for prediction in the face of individual differences", Psychophysiology, 29, pp.504~522 (1992)
- Christie, R., "Studies in Machiavellianism" (1970), Academic Press
- DePaulo, B. M., "Cues to Deception", Psychological Bulletin, 129, pp.74~118 (2003)
- Elaad, E., "Finger pulse waveform length in the detection of concealed information", International journal of Psychophysiology, 61, pp.226~234 (2006)
- Exline, R. V., "Studies in Machiavellianism", pp.53~75 (1970), Academic Press
- Farwell, L. A., "The truth will out : Interrogative polygraphy(‘lie detection’)with event-related brain potentials", Psychophysiology, 28, pp.531~547 (1991)
- Frank, M. G, "The new handbook of Methods in nonverbal behavior research", pp.341~368 (2005), Oxford University Press
- Gamer, M., "Psychophysiological and vocal measures in the detection of guilty knowledge", International journal of Psychophysiology, 60, pp.76~87 (2006)
- Gozna, L. F., "The impact of individual differences of perceptions of lying in everyday life and in a high stake situation", Personality and Individual Differences, 31, pp.1203~1216 (2001)
- Honts, C. R., "Mental and Physical countermeasures reduce the accuracy of the concealed knowledge test", Psychophysiology, 33, pp.84~92 (1996)
- Johnson, R., "A triarchic model of P300 amplitude", Psychophysiology, 23, pp.367~384 (1986)
- Jokinen, A., "Salience of guilty knowledge test items affects accuracy in realistic mock crimes", International journal of Psychophysiology, 62, pp.175~184 (2006)
- Jung, K. H., "Implicit and explicit attitude dissociation in spontaneous deceptive behavior", Acta Psychologica, 132, pp.62~67 (2009)
- Kubo, K., "The role of intention to conceal in the P300-based concealed information test", Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback, 34, pp.227~235 (2009)
- Lykken, D. T., "Psychology and the lie detection industry", American Psychologist, 29, pp.225~239 (1974)
- Lykken, D. T., "A Tremor in the Blood: Uses and Abuses of the Lie Detector" (1998), Plenum Trade
- Mertens, R., "The role of psychophysiology in forensic assessments : Deception detection, ERPs, and virtual reality mock crime scenarios", Psychophysiology, 45, pp.286~298 (2008)
- Miller, A. R., "Response-specific scalp distributions in deception detection and ERP correlates of psychopathic personality traits", Journal of Psychophysiology, 18, pp.13~26 (2004)
- Rosenfeld, J. P., "Handbook of polygraph testing", pp.265~286 (2002), Academic Press
- Rosenfeld, J. P., "Simple, effective countermeasures to P300-based tests of detection of concealed information", Psychophysiology, 41, pp.205~219 (2004)
- Rosenfled, J. P., "An ERP-based, control-question lie detector analog : Algorithms for discriminating effects within individuals’ average waveforms", Psychophysiology, 28, pp.319~335 (1991)
- Soskins, M., "Peak-to-peak measurement of P300 recorded at 0.3Hz high pass filter settings in intraindividual diagnosis: Complex vs. simple paradigms", International Journal of Psychophysiology, 40, pp.173~180 (2001)
- Snowden, R., "Implicit affective associations to violence in psychopathic murderers", The journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 15, pp.620~641 (2004)
- Verschuere, B., "Antisoiality, underarousal and the validity of the Concealed Information Polygraph Test", Biological Psychology, 74, pp.309~318 (2007)
- Verschuere, B., "The role of deception in P300 memory detection", Legal and Criminological Psychology, 14(2), pp.253~262 (2009)
- Vrij, A., "Detecting deception by manipulating cognitive load", Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10, pp.141~142 (2006)