특허 데이터에 기초한 지식창출활동의 공간분석
The Spatial Analysis of Knowledge Production Activities based on Korean Patent Data
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지난 10여년 동안 새로운 내생적인 경제성장의 동력으로서의 지식창출활동에 대한 관심이 크게 고조되면서, 지식기반경제에서 지식창출을 측정하는 지표로서 특허의 중요성이 더욱 부각되고 있다. 선진국의 경우 지식창출활동은 공간상에 특정지역으로 집중되거나 클러스터를 형성하는 것으로 분석되고 있다. 본 연구는 1981-2000년 동안 국내 특허 데이터를 토대로 하여 지식창출활동의 성장에 따른 공간분포패턴을 분석하는데 목적을 두었다. 등록된 특허 원시자료를 데이터베이스로 구축하여 공간통계와 지리정보체계를 활용하여 지식창출활동 패턴의 공간적 연관성을 분석하였다. 우리나라의 경우 지식창출량의 68.5%가 단지 상위 10개 도시에 집중되어 있을 정도로 매우 불균등하게 지식창출활동이 이루어지고 있으며, 지식창출활동의 공간분포 패턴은 유의미한 공간적 자기상관을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 실제로 서울과 수원을 중심으로 하는 지식창출량이 많은 H-H형 클러스터는 수도권내에서만 형성되어, 지식창출활동의 확산은 공간의 제약성을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been a widespread interest in knowledge productionactivities as a new engine of endogeneous growth. In the knowledge-based economy, there hasbeen a growing importance of the patent as the index of knowledge production. Much literaturesuggests that knowledge production activities tend to be spatially concentrated and formed theclusters in the advanced economies. The purpose of this paper is to analyze spatial-temporalpatterns of knowledge production activities in Korea based on a data set of patents from 1981-2000.This paper uses spatial statistical methods and GIS to explore the spatial dimensions of knowledgeproduction activities in Korea, Through this research, it was found that knowledge productionactivities were unevenly distributed. The knowledge production activity measured by patent countsis highly concentrated in a limited number of cities. The top 10 cities accounted for 68.5% of thetotal number of patents in the period of 1981-2000, suggesting the existence of a strongconcentration of knowledge production activities in Korea. The locations of knowledge productionactivities by themselves represented a strong spatial autocorrelation. The concentration ofknowledge production activities in Korea is spatially correlated to the concentration of adjacentneighboring cities. The location of knowledge production activities is not free from a spatialcontext and spillover of knowledge production activities are heavily bounded within geographiclimits, forming a spatial cluster. There appear some quite a large spatial cluster around the seoul
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