전환경제하의 해외직접투자기업의 가치사슬과 네트워크: 대베트남 한국섬유ㆍ 의류산업 해외직접투자 사례연구
Value Chain and Networks of Foreign Direct Investment Firms in Transitional Econnomies: Korean Textile and Clothing Foreign Direct Investment in Vietnam
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한국 대 베트남 섬유ㆍ의류투자기업의가치사슬구조는 일반적으로 R&D 및 디자인, 시제품제작, 마켓팅, 원료투입, 생산, 판매 주문으로 이어지는 구조로 되어 있다. 이러한 가치사슬의 구조상에서투자기업의 사업유형에 따라 상이한 특성을 보이고있다. 예를 들어, 계약 공급자형 투자기업은 한국 본사가 주도로 R&D 및 디자인을 개발하여 베트남 현지생산법인에서 시제품을 제작함으로써 기존의 OEM방식에서 ODM 방식으로 변화시켰고, 기존의 시장을방어하기 위해 차별적인 공간 활용 전략을 통해 생산법인 입지를 지리적으로 차별화 시킴으로써 글로벌전환경제하의 해외직접투자기업의 가치사슬과 네트워크：대베트남 한국섬유·의류산업 해외직접투자 사례 연구 107
Abstract
As strategies for creating profits are differentiated by the national economicsystem and development strategies related to firms geographical scope, they depend on the spatialcontexts and product characteristics. In this perspective, strategies for the profit creation of Koreantextile and clothing FDI firms invested in Vietnam has involved in the geographical differentiationsin accordance with the development path of transitional economies, changes in institutionalenvironments and the characteristics of products. Therefore. the main purpose of this research is toidentify the way in which they have their own identity in transitional economies by investigatingbusiness pattern, commodity chain and extra-firm relations, which are related to institutionaldynamics in Vietnam. There are two main characteristics of Korean textile and clothing FDI firms inVietnam. The first is that all business activities involved in the commodity chain of them from R&Dto production is controlled by global retailer and distributors, which is the buyer-driven commoditychain and the typical commodity chain of the textile and clothing industry. The second could bedefined as over- or unforced embeddedness into the institutional legacy of the Soviet system,
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