전통 유교식 상례의 혼백(魂帛) 연구
A study on Honbaek (魂帛) in Traditional Confucian Funerals
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When one is alive, their spirit Hon(魂) and the body Baek(魄) is integrated into one. However, when he is dead, Hon and Baek become separated. Hon goes to heaven and Baek returns to earth. Confucian funeral transforms different processes of Hon and Baek into a refined ritual. And during the funeral system, it is considered Hon is indwelled in the fabric tablet before the body is buried. That fabric tablet is called Honbaek(魂帛. ‘Baek’ has two meanings. Baek(魄) is the body and Baek(帛) is the fabric tablet. So, Honbaek(魂魄) is the spirit and the body and Honbaek(魂帛) is the fabric tablet in which spirit is indwelled.). This article reviewed Honbaek(魂帛). It studied in which situation and in what form the fabric tablet in which spirit is indwelled appeared for the first time in ancient Chinese book of manners, and to what shape it was changed by combining with customs of the times(時俗) in Song, Ming and Joseon. Through the study, it was found new type of Honbaek could be made by combining with different customs of the times and new ritual procedures were prepared accordingly, although some of the ancient rituals and procedures might partially maintained. In particular, there were many different opinions surrounding Honbaek with the intensification of Confucianism but disputes were arranged and customs tended to be unified at the end of Joseon. Reciprocal effects of state rituals and civil customs may account for this.
Abstract
When one is alive, their spirit Hon(魂) and the body Baek(魄) is integrated into one. However, when he is dead, Hon and Baek become separated. Hon goes to heaven and Baek returns to earth. Confucian funeral transforms different processes of Hon and Baek into a refined ritual. And during the funeral system, it is considered Hon is indwelled in the fabric tablet before the body is buried. That fabric tablet is called Honbaek(魂帛. ‘Baek’ has two meanings. Baek(魄) is the body and Baek(帛) is the fabric tablet. So, Honbaek(魂魄) is the spirit and the body and Honbaek(魂帛) is the fabric tablet in which spirit is indwelled.). This article reviewed Honbaek(魂帛). It studied in which situation and in what form the fabric tablet in which spirit is indwelled appeared for the first time in ancient Chinese book of manners, and to what shape it was changed by combining with customs of the times(時俗) in Song, Ming and Joseon. Through the study, it was found new type of Honbaek could be made by combining with different customs of the times and new ritual procedures were prepared accordingly, although some of the ancient rituals and procedures might partially maintained. In particular, there were many different opinions surrounding Honbaek with the intensification of Confucianism but disputes were arranged and customs tended to be unified at the end of Joseon. Reciprocal effects of state rituals and civil customs may account for this.
참고문헌 (44)
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