The Acoustic Realization of Narrow Contrastive Focus by Chinese EFL Learners
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The present study investigated the acoustic realization of narrow contrastive focus by Chinese EFL (CE) learners. Acoustic correlates of f0 peak, vowel duration, and maximum intensity were measured and compared with those of American English (AE) speakers. Results showed CE learners used heightened f0 peaks to signal focus in all three sentence positions. Similar to native speakers, f0 peaks of prefocus items were kept constant. Postfocus f0 peaks were compressed, but to a much lesser degree than those of native speakers. In regards to vowel duration, CE learners lengthened the vowel duration of onfocus items and kept the unfocused items constant. CE learners produced increased intensity peaks to signal focus in sentence-medial and sentence-final positions. Intensity peaks of prefocus and postfocus items were both compressed by CE learners. Comparison of ratio difference (=onfocus/neutral) showed that f0 ratio was increased to a much larger extent sentence-medially and sentence-finally for both groups. CE learners showed no significant duration ratio difference in the three sentence positions. Significantly higher intensity ratio was employed by CE speakers sentence-finally. Pedagogical implications on prosodic focus marking by CE learners were also discussed.
Abstract
The present study investigated the acoustic realization of narrow contrastive focus by Chinese EFL (CE) learners. Acoustic correlates of f0 peak, vowel duration, and maximum intensity were measured and compared with those of American English (AE) speakers. Results showed CE learners used heightened f0 peaks to signal focus in all three sentence positions. Similar to native speakers, f0 peaks of prefocus items were kept constant. Postfocus f0 peaks were compressed, but to a much lesser degree than those of native speakers. In regards to vowel duration, CE learners lengthened the vowel duration of onfocus items and kept the unfocused items constant. CE learners produced increased intensity peaks to signal focus in sentence-medial and sentence-final positions. Intensity peaks of prefocus and postfocus items were both compressed by CE learners. Comparison of ratio difference (=onfocus/neutral) showed that f0 ratio was increased to a much larger extent sentence-medially and sentence-finally for both groups. CE learners showed no significant duration ratio difference in the three sentence positions. Significantly higher intensity ratio was employed by CE speakers sentence-finally. Pedagogical implications on prosodic focus marking by CE learners were also discussed.
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