Hybrid Impersonal Constructions: The Battlefield of Sound and Sense
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Throughout its history the English language has seen a series of convulsions among impersonal verbs whereby some of them fell out of the word hoard while others survived either by recasting themselves into ordinary (personal) verbs or by taking on the form of stock phrases. The process of transition from an impersonal to a personal verb often involved a situation in which a potential pseudo-subject (or logical subject) in an oblique case promotes to the status of genuine (nominative) subject, demoting what was previously the syntactic subject to an oblique case. Sometimes, however, the process of reshuffling got checked by the strong tension between the impersonal and the personal forces of the verb that are tightly pitted against each other, neither winning over the other. While the contest was pending in that fashion and the grammar of the language has not yet arrived so far in development as to settle the matter, arbitrary compromises are effected between the contenders, often eventuating in peculiar constructions. Our discussion centers around a group of such peculiar constructions, touching on some points that, despite previous studies, still seem to beg clarification or at least redefinition.
Abstract
Throughout its history the English language has seen a series of convulsions among impersonal verbs whereby some of them fell out of the word hoard while others survived either by recasting themselves into ordinary (personal) verbs or by taking on the form of stock phrases. The process of transition from an impersonal to a personal verb often involved a situation in which a potential pseudo-subject (or logical subject) in an oblique case promotes to the status of genuine (nominative) subject, demoting what was previously the syntactic subject to an oblique case. Sometimes, however, the process of reshuffling got checked by the strong tension between the impersonal and the personal forces of the verb that are tightly pitted against each other, neither winning over the other. While the contest was pending in that fashion and the grammar of the language has not yet arrived so far in development as to settle the matter, arbitrary compromises are effected between the contenders, often eventuating in peculiar constructions. Our discussion centers around a group of such peculiar constructions, touching on some points that, despite previous studies, still seem to beg clarification or at least redefinition.
참고문헌 (23)
- Abbott, E. A, "A Shakespearean Grammar" (1870), Dover Publications
- Algeo, J, "The Origin and Development of the English Language" (2005), Thomson Wadsworth
- Allen, C. L, "Reconsidering the history of like", Journal of Linguistics, 22, pp.375~409 (1986)
- Anderson, J, "A note on Old English impersonals", Journal of Linguistics, 22, pp.167~177 (1986)
- Baugh,A.C, "Chaucer’s Major Poetry" (1963), Prentice-Hall
- Chaucer, Geoffrey, "The Riverside Chaucer" (1987), Houghton Mifflin Co.
- Denison, D, "English Historical Syntax :Verbal Constructions" (1993), Longman
- Elmer,W, "Diachronic Grammar :The History of Old and Middle English Subjectless Constructions" (1981), Max Niemeyer Verlag
- Fischer, O. C. M, "The demise of the Old English impersonal construction", Journal of Linguistics, 19, pp.337~368 (1983)
- Jespersen, O. A, "Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles. Vols. III and VII" (1961), George Allen & Unwin
- Johnston, G. K. W., "An Outline of Middle English Grammar" (1963), Basil Blackwell
- Klaber,Friedrich, "Beowulf and The Fight at Finnsburg" (1950), Heath
- Kökeritz, H, "Shakespeare’s Pronunciation" (1953), Yale UP
- Lightfoot, D. W, "Principles of Diachronic Syntax" (1979), Cambridge UP
- Millward,C.M, "A Biography of the English Language" (1996), Rinehart and Winston
- Milton, John, "John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose" (1957), Macmillan
- Mitchell, B, "Old English Syntax. Vol. I" (1985), Clarendon
- Mitchell, B, "A Guide to Old English" (1992), Blackwell
- Pope,John C., "Seven Old English Poems" (1981), Norton
- Potter, S, "Our Language" (1976), Penguin Books
- Stanley, E. G, "The Owl and the Nightingale" (1960), Thomas Nelson and Sons
- Traugott. E. C, "A History of English Syntax" (1972), Rinehart and Winston
- Visser, F. T, "An Historical Syntax of the English Language. Vols. I and II" (1970), E. J. Brill