『어우야담』소재 귀신담의 귀신욕망과 욕망의 실현방법

Abstract

Ou Yadam, written in the early 17 Century (1623), has the narratives dealing with the desire of gwishin, Korean ghosts, compared with the previous narratives in Yongje Chongwha (15 C.), and Yongcheon Damjeokgi (16 C.). The narratives are divided into two types based on the ghosts' desires: the ghost desires but does not know how to demand or accomplish its desire; the ghost desires and strongly demands another, a human being, to accomplish its desire. The ghost which doesn't know how to resolve its desire repeats a traumatic tendency and the ghost which intends to resolve itself shows its desire and finds a way to resolve it. The desire is expressed in the form of demand and the two main demands are the demand for sexual attention and demand for receiving a funeral. These demands indicate the desire, affection and entering into the symbolic. This research illuminated what the demands are and what are the characteristics of the desires in the narratives that the ghost intends to resolve. Under the mythical world view and Buddhistic world view, gwishin was a supernatural and external being. It was placed outside of human beings in the myths and early narratives. However, as gwishin came to be known as a spirit of the dead, it became close to having human mind and psyche. Human sentimentals substituted gwishin's transendentals: need, demand, desire, anxiety, and trauma. Compared to the previous narratives, the gwishin in Ou Yadam expresses their demand concretely: verbal announcement and behaviour toward another, a human being. According to the Lacanian Psychoanalysis Theory, there is always a gap between need and demand. Therefore the gap stimulates constant desire. The repeated demands indicate the unconscious desire, that is, the passion for the being. In the narratives, gwishin demand sexual attention and a funeral. These indicate unconscious desires, a desire to be an object that the other desires. In the narratives, the demand becomes a desire for affection and a desire for receiving a signifier in the symbolic. Getting a signifier means being a subject in the society. Therefore, gwishin comes back to the society and ceaselessly demands the missing signifier of a recognised death. The process and method to realise the desire was different depending on the sex. The female gwishin appears to a man and uses its sexual features: its beauty, gestures and lure. Meanwhile, the male gwishin appeares to a man and uses its power as supernatural being and suppresses the other and makes him act. In the future, research is needed to explain what is the background and main stimuli of the change in gwishin narratives of Ou Yadam. Furthermore, comparative study is needed in the diachronic sense from the 15 C. and to the 18 C.'s literary texts.